Rho JinWon, Park DooYong, Kim Yeon Soo
Department of Physical Education, College of Education, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
Institute of Sports Science, Seoul National University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
J Diabetes Metab Disord. 2025 May 10;24(1):118. doi: 10.1007/s40200-025-01614-8. eCollection 2025 Jun.
This study examines the impact of absolute grip strength (AGS) and relative grip strength (RGS) on the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM), especially in relation to metabolic syndrome (MetS).
1,935 participants were adults aged 51 to 81 years with an average observation period of 6.50 years. The diagnosis of DM was based on American Diabetes Association. The JAMA 5030J1 dynamometer was used to measure the grip strength. Multivariable extended Cox regression models were used to calculate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for DM incidence.
The DM risk increased with the number of MetS risk factors. High AGS was associated with a reduced DM risk (HR = 0.66, 95% CI = 0.44-0.99), but association disappeared when adjusted for MetS. High RGS was significantly associated with a reduced risk of DM incidence (HR = 0.49, 95% CI = 0.33-0.72), even after adjusting for MetS (HR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.42-0.94). With the presence of MetS, higher AGS was associated with a greater increase in the DM risk compared to lower AGS, while higher RGS was associated with a less increase in the DM risk compared to lower RGS.
This study demonstrates that RGS is a more reliable predictor of DM risks than AGS. Additionally, MetS significantly increases DM risk, particularly in individuals with obesity and hypertension. The study highlights the importance of assessing muscle quality in DM prevention and suggest that improving muscle quality may help mitigate DM risk.
本研究探讨绝对握力（AGS）和相对握力（RGS）对2型糖尿病（DM）发病风险的影响，特别是与代谢综合征（MetS）的关系。
1935名参与者为年龄在51至81岁之间的成年人，平均观察期为6.50年。DM的诊断依据美国糖尿病协会标准。使用JAMA 5030J1握力计测量握力。采用多变量扩展Cox回归模型计算DM发病率的风险比（HR）和95%置信区间（CI）。
DM风险随MetS风险因素数量的增加而增加。高AGS与降低的DM风险相关（HR = 0.66，95% CI = 0.44 - 0.99），但在调整MetS后该关联消失。高RGS与显著降低的DM发病风险相关（HR = 0.49，95% CI = 0.33 - 0.72），即使在调整MetS后（HR = 0.63，95% CI = 0.42 - 0.94）。在存在MetS的情况下，与低AGS相比，高AGS与DM风险的更大增加相关，而与低RGS相比，高RGS与DM风险的较小增加相关。
本研究表明，RGS比AGS是更可靠的DM风险预测指标。此外，MetS显著增加DM风险，尤其是在肥胖和高血压个体中。该研究强调了在DM预防中评估肌肉质量的重要性，并表明改善肌肉质量可能有助于降低DM风险。
