Nursidika Perdina, Julianti Elin, Kurniati Neng F
Department of Pharmacology and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Institut Teknologi Bandung, Bandung, Indonesia.
Medical Laboratory Technology D-4, Faculty of Health Sciences and Technology, Universitas Jenderal Achmad Yani, Camai, Indonesia.
Narra J. 2025 Apr;5(1):e1714. doi: 10.52225/narra.v5i1.1714. Epub 2025 Jan 1.
The increasing prevalence of azole resistance in various fungal species presents a significant concern, highlighting the urgent need for new antifungal agents. The aim of this study was to investigate the antifungal activity of fractions from and caulerpin against three species: and The extracts were obtained through maceration with 96% ethanol, followed by fractionation using vacuum liquid chromatography. Antifungal activity was assessed using the broth microdilution method, while fungal growth kinetics were evaluated through time-kill curves. Bioautography was employed to identify inhibitory compounds, while liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) was utilized to detect the contents of the extracts and fractions. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to observe the fungal structure, and the absorbance at 260/280 nm was measured to evaluate the cell leakage. LC-HRMS identified numerous compounds in and with antifungal activities, including fatty acids, terpenes, alkaloids, flavonoids, and coumarins. The results indicate that the fractions of both did not inhibit the growth of and , but effectively inhibited Among the fractions, F3CR and F4CL exhibited the highest antifungal efficacy against , with minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) ranging from 64 to 128 μg/mL. Caulerpin, the primary metabolite of also demonstrated significant inhibition, with an MIC of 256 μg/mL. The findings suggested that F3CR, F4CL, and caulerpin possessed fungistatic properties. Bioautography results revealed clear zones in the colonies, indicating inhibited fungal growth. The SEM observations showed that fungal cells became rough, perforated, and damaged, which was confirmed by the increase in absorbance at 260/280 nm, suggesting the release of cellular components such as nucleotides and proteins. In conclusion, both species and caulerpin are promising candidates for developing new antifungal agents against .
各种真菌物种中唑类耐药性的日益普遍令人深感担忧，凸显了对新型抗真菌药物的迫切需求。本研究的目的是调查[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]的提取物及其主要代谢产物龙骨藻素对三种真菌物种：[真菌物种1]、[真菌物种2]和[真菌物种3]的抗真菌活性。通过用96%乙醇浸渍获得提取物，随后使用真空液相色谱法进行分离。使用肉汤微量稀释法评估抗真菌活性，同时通过时间-杀菌曲线评估真菌生长动力学。采用生物自显影法鉴定抑制性化合物，而利用液相色谱高分辨率质谱（LC-HRMS）检测提取物和馏分的成分。使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）观察真菌结构，并测量260/280 nm处的吸光度以评估细胞泄漏情况。LC-HRMS在[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]中鉴定出许多具有抗真菌活性的化合物，包括脂肪酸、萜类、生物碱、黄酮类和香豆素类。结果表明，[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]的馏分均未抑制[真菌物种1]和[真菌物种2]的生长，但有效抑制了[真菌物种3]的生长。在这些馏分中，F3CR和F4CL对[真菌物种3]表现出最高的抗真菌效力，最低抑菌浓度（MIC）范围为64至128 μg/mL。龙骨藻素作为[具体植物名称2]的主要代谢产物也表现出显著抑制作用，MIC为256 μg/mL。研究结果表明，F3CR、F4CL和龙骨藻素具有抑菌特性。生物自显影结果显示菌落中出现清晰的抑菌圈，表明真菌生长受到抑制。SEM观察表明真菌细胞变得粗糙、穿孔和受损，260/280 nm处吸光度的增加证实了这一点，这表明细胞成分如核苷酸和蛋白质的释放。总之，[具体植物名称1]和[具体植物名称2]物种以及龙骨藻素都是开发针对[真菌物种3]的新型抗真菌药物的有前景的候选物。
