Aniśko Bartosz, Bernatowicz Kacper, Wójcik Małgorzata
Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland.
Student Research Association Conocimiento, Faculty of Sport Sciences in Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poznań University of Physical Education, Gorzów Wielkopolski, Poland.
Front Public Health. 2025 Apr 25;13:1578304. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1578304. eCollection 2025.
We are seeing a steady decline in children's physical fitness. Along with overweight and obesity, low physical fitness is one of the most serious disorders in child development. One solution to these problems is additional physical activity. It was investigated whether reduced physical fitness is associated with an increased body mass index and whether children who participate in extra-curricular sports activities have better physical fitness.
The study involved 201 children (101 girls, 100 boys) aged 10 ± 2 (grades 1-8 of the primary school). Half of the participants reported participating in extra-curricular sports activities, while half did not participate in any sports activities. The children were assessed for body mass index, grip strength, balance, strength, speed and reaction time.
Significant differences in fitness test results were observed between active and inactive students. Significant differences were also found between students with different body mass index. The 4 months of schooling had a positive effect on most of the fitness characteristics assessed. Grip strength appeared to be a determinant of the other fitness scores.
The hypotheses that both additional physical activity and BMI will influence children's fitness, and that 4 months of schooling will have a positive effect on improving students' fitness, were confirmed. Hand-grip strength was found to be a determinant of better performance in almost all other fitness tests.
我们发现儿童的身体素质在持续下降。除超重和肥胖外，身体素质差是儿童发育中最严重的问题之一。解决这些问题的一个办法是增加体育活动。我们研究了身体素质下降是否与体重指数增加有关，以及参加课外体育活动的儿童是否具有更好的身体素质。
该研究纳入了201名10±2岁（小学1至8年级）的儿童（101名女孩，100名男孩）。一半参与者报告参加了课外体育活动，而另一半未参加任何体育活动。对这些儿童进行了体重指数、握力、平衡能力、力量、速度和反应时间的评估。
在积极参与和不参与体育活动的学生之间，体能测试结果存在显著差异。在不同体重指数的学生之间也发现了显著差异。四个月的在校学习对所评估的大多数体能特征有积极影响。握力似乎是其他体能分数的一个决定因素。
增加体育活动和体重指数都会影响儿童体能，以及四个月的在校学习将对提高学生体能产生积极影响这两个假设得到了证实。研究发现握力是几乎所有其他体能测试中表现更好的一个决定因素。
