Dżaman Karolina, Piskadło-Zborowska Karolina, Czerwaty Katarzyna, Jowik Rafał, Stachowiak Małgorzata, Sarnowska Elżbieta
Department of Otolaryngology, Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Marymoncka, Warsaw, Poland.
Faculty of Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Cardinal Stefan Wyszynski University, Dewajtis, Warsaw, Poland.
Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital. 2025 Apr;45(2):116-123. doi: 10.14639/0392-100X-N3032.
Genetic polymorphisms in bitter taste receptor 2 member 38 (TAS2R38), expressed in the cilia of sinonasal epithelial cells, have been proposed to be contributors to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS).
We assessed the impact of the genetically determined TAS2R38 structure on predisposition to CRS and correlated the expression of the TAS2R38 with haplotypes. 86 patients (60 CRS patients, 26 controls) undergoing nasal surgery were enrolled. PCR to identify single nucleotide polymorphisms in genes encoding TAS2R38 were performed. TAS2R38 expression in sinus mucosa tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry.
Among CRS patients, the protective genotype PAV/PAV of the TAS2R38 was observed with the lowest frequency. Immunohistochemistry displayed significant overexpression of TAS2R38 in patients with CRS and in those with a non-functional AVI/AVI genotype. Under inflammatory conditions, TAS2R38 was found to translocate from the cell membrane.
Genetically determined TAS2R38 polymorphisms may influence susceptibility to CRS. The AVI haplotype seems to be an independent risk factor for CRS. Additionally, TAS2Rs and related signalling pathways might create a unique group of therapeutic targets in CRS.
鼻窦上皮细胞纤毛中表达的苦味受体2成员38（TAS2R38）基因多态性被认为是慢性鼻-鼻窦炎（CRS）的影响因素。
我们评估了基因决定的TAS2R38结构对CRS易感性的影响，并将TAS2R38的表达与单倍型相关联。纳入86例接受鼻手术的患者（60例CRS患者，26例对照）。进行聚合酶链反应（PCR）以鉴定编码TAS2R38基因中的单核苷酸多态性。通过免疫组织化学评估鼻窦黏膜组织中TAS2R38的表达。
在CRS患者中，观察到TAS2R38的保护性基因型PAV/PAV频率最低。免疫组织化学显示CRS患者和无功能AVI/AVI基因型患者中TAS2R38显著过表达。在炎症条件下，发现TAS2R38从细胞膜易位。
基因决定的TAS2R38多态性可能影响CRS的易感性。AVI单倍型似乎是CRS的独立危险因素。此外，TAS2Rs及其相关信号通路可能为CRS创造一组独特的治疗靶点。
