Offu Ogochukwu Fidelia, Okeowo Daniel, Visram Shelina, Rathbone Adam Pattison, Lindsey Laura
School of Pharmacy, King George VI Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
School of Pharmacy, King George VI Building, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK.
BMJ Open. 2025 May 12;15(5):e099801. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2025-099801.
This study aims to identify factors that influence the role of community pharmacy teams in preventing prescription and over-the-counter (OTC) opioid misuse.
Qualitative design using interviews; thematic analysis was used to generate themes mapped to the Capability, Opportunity and Motivation Behaviour (COM-B) model.
Community pharmacies in North East England.
28 community pharmacy staff including 16 pharmacists, 1 pharmacy assistant, 10 dispensers and 1 pharmacy technician.
Factors related to the capability component include communication skills, ability to identify service users who misuse OTC opioids, and education and training. Factors in the opportunity component include staff and funding, tools for identification and referral of service users at risk of opioid misuse, and relationship with other healthcare professionals. For the motivation component, attitude towards role, attitude of pharmacist or pharmacy manager, perception about commissioners and commissioned services, and attitude towards service users were identified.
This study identified factors that could influence community pharmacists' roles in opioid misuse. A critical factor influencing community pharmacy teams preventing opioid misuse is access to a single system to record the use of both OTC and prescription opioids. This would enable teams to identify service users misusing or at risk of misusing opioids, while supporting staff education and training and regulatory compliance. Future research should focus on developing interventions using these identified factors to enhance community pharmacists' roles in opioid misuse prevention.
本研究旨在确定影响社区药房团队在预防处方和非处方（OTC）阿片类药物滥用中作用的因素。
采用访谈的定性设计；运用主题分析法生成与能力、机会和动机行为（COM-B）模型相对应的主题。
英格兰东北部的社区药房。
28名社区药房工作人员，包括16名药剂师、1名药房助理、10名配药员和1名药房技术员。
与能力要素相关的因素包括沟通技巧、识别滥用非处方阿片类药物的服务使用者的能力以及教育与培训。机会要素中的因素包括人员和资金、识别和转诊有阿片类药物滥用风险的服务使用者的工具以及与其他医疗保健专业人员的关系。对于动机要素，确定了对角色的态度、药剂师或药房经理的态度、对委托方和委托服务的看法以及对服务使用者的态度。
本研究确定了可能影响社区药剂师在阿片类药物滥用方面作用的因素。影响社区药房团队预防阿片类药物滥用的一个关键因素是能否使用单一系统记录非处方和处方阿片类药物的使用情况。这将使团队能够识别滥用或有滥用阿片类药物风险的服务使用者，同时支持工作人员的教育与培训以及法规遵从性。未来的研究应侧重于利用这些已确定的因素制定干预措施，以加强社区药剂师在预防阿片类药物滥用方面的作用。
