He Beibei, Gao Yongfang, Lou Wenjing, Wang Jingru, Xin Shitian, Ma Keshi, Li Lili
College of Life Sciences and Agronomy, Zhoukou Normal University, Zhoukou 466001, China.
Laboratory of Agricultural and Food Biomechanics, Institute of Biophysics, College of Science, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100, China.
Food Res Int. 2025 Jun;211:116431. doi: 10.1016/j.foodres.2025.116431. Epub 2025 Apr 22.
In food packaging industry, plastic was the most commonly used material for packaging, which caused serious pollution to the marine and soil environment. The researches on biodegradable films development from biodegradable polymers was arise, which was expected to ensure the quality and safety of food as much as possible. Biodegradable materials for films included polysaccharides and proteins of different biological sources, and synthetic materials. This review discussed the molecular characteristics and film-forming properties of natural polymer materials of polysaccharides from halobios, plant and microorganism, protein from animal, plant, milk. In addition, the effects of polymerization degree, crystallinity, and film-forming process of synthetic materials (polycaprolactone, polyvinyl alcohol, polylactic acid) on film performance was studied. In order to improve the practicality of biodegradable films in food packaging, many methods were explored to enhance the physical performance of the films. The enhancement strategies including: introduction of nanoparticles, chemical modification, and blending with other polymers, which can effectively enhance the mechanical properties and water vapor barrier performance of biodegradable films. Furthermore, it will provide a reference for future research interest that to development biodegradable food packaging films with high mechanical and barrier properties.
在食品包装行业，塑料是最常用的包装材料，这对海洋和土壤环境造成了严重污染。基于可生物降解聚合物开发可生物降解薄膜的研究应运而生，人们期望其能尽可能确保食品的质量和安全。用于薄膜的可生物降解材料包括不同生物来源的多糖、蛋白质以及合成材料。本文综述了来自海洋生物、植物和微生物的多糖类天然高分子材料、来自动物、植物、牛奶的蛋白质的分子特性和成膜性能。此外，还研究了合成材料（聚己内酯、聚乙烯醇、聚乳酸）的聚合度、结晶度和成膜工艺对薄膜性能的影响。为提高可生物降解薄膜在食品包装中的实用性，人们探索了多种方法来增强薄膜的物理性能。增强策略包括：引入纳米粒子、化学改性以及与其他聚合物共混，这些方法可有效提高可生物降解薄膜的机械性能和阻水性能。此外，开发具有高机械性能和阻隔性能的可生物降解食品包装薄膜将为未来的研究兴趣提供参考。
