Sena-Júnior Ailton Santos, Andrade Cleverton Nascimento Santana, Moura Pedro Henrique Macedo, Dos Santos Jocsã Hémany Cândido, Trancoso Cauãn Torres, Silva Eloia Emanuelly Dias, Silva Deise Maria Rego Rodrigues, Telles Ênio Pereira, Silva Luiz André Santos, Teles Isabella Lima Dantas, de Almeida Sara Fernanda Mota, de Souza Daniel Alves, Santos Jileno Ferreira, Martins Felipe José Aidar, Silva Ana Mara de Oliveira E, Lauton-Santos Sandra, de Araujo Guilherme Rodolfo Souza, Correa Cristiane Bani, Nunes Rogéria De Souza, Borges Lysandro Pinto, Lira Ana Amélia Moreira
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil.
Department of Biology, Federal University of Sergipe, São Cristóvão 49100-000, Sergipe, Brazil.
Beilstein J Nanotechnol. 2025 May 7;16:617-636. doi: 10.3762/bjnano.16.48. eCollection 2025.
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent public health problem characterized by hyperglycemia that causes complications due to the generation of reactive oxygen species and oxidative damage. Studies have shown that essential oils containing citral, such as lemongrass, have various biological activities, including bactericidal, antiviral, antifungal, antioxidant, and hypoglycemic effects. Therefore, this study aims to obtain a microemulsified formulation containing the essential oil of (EOCF) and to evaluate its antioxidant and antidiabetic activity in diabetic rats. The microemulsion (ME) was obtained after consulting the corresponding pseudoternary phase diagram and showed stability, isotropy, Newtonian behavior, nanometric size (15.2 nm), and pH 4.2. Both EOCF and the ME showed high antioxidant activity, but the ME resulted in greater antioxidant activity, potentiating the activity of isolated EOCF. Finally, male Wistar rats (3 months old, 200-250 g) with streptozotocin-induced type-1 DM were supplemented with EOCF and ME (32 mg/kg) for 21 days. Both EOCF and ME supplementation resulted in reduced blood glucose levels and improved lipid profiles when compared to the control group. Additionally, the ME was able to provide additional benefits, such as reduced liver damage, improved renal function, reduced systemic inflammation, and increased high-density lipoprotein levels. Overall, the results show that EOCF was efficiently incorporated into the microemulsion, improving its antioxidant activity and showing promising results for use in the treatment of DM via the oral route.
糖尿病（DM）是一个高度普遍的公共卫生问题，其特征为高血糖，由于活性氧的产生和氧化损伤而导致并发症。研究表明，含有柠檬醛的精油，如柠檬草，具有多种生物活性，包括杀菌、抗病毒、抗真菌、抗氧化和降血糖作用。因此，本研究旨在获得一种含有柠檬草精油的微乳化制剂（EOCF），并评估其在糖尿病大鼠中的抗氧化和抗糖尿病活性。在查阅相应的伪三元相图后获得了微乳液（ME），其表现出稳定性、各向同性、牛顿流体行为、纳米尺寸（15.2纳米）和pH值4.2。EOCF和ME均表现出高抗氧化活性，但ME的抗氧化活性更高，增强了分离的EOCF的活性。最后，对链脲佐菌素诱导的1型糖尿病雄性Wistar大鼠（3个月大，200-250克）补充EOCF和ME（32毫克/千克），持续21天。与对照组相比，补充EOCF和ME均导致血糖水平降低和血脂谱改善。此外，ME能够提供额外的益处，如减少肝损伤、改善肾功能、减轻全身炎症和提高高密度脂蛋白水平。总体而言，结果表明EOCF被有效地纳入微乳液中，提高了其抗氧化活性，并显示出通过口服途径用于治疗糖尿病的有前景的结果。
