He Li, Zhang Xinze, Hu Chunyan, Zhu Zhijia, Liu Baojiang
Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China.
Key Lab of Science and Technology of Eco-textile, Ministry of Education, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Innovation Center for Textile Science and Technology, Donghua University, No. 2999 North Renmin Road, Shanghai 201620, China.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2025 Jun;312:144087. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2025.144087. Epub 2025 May 11.
Freshwater scarcity is an urgent global problem, and solar evaporation technology offers a promising solution by utilizing solar energy for water evaporation and condensation. In this study, we present an environmentally friendly biomimetic solar evaporator based on the Donnan effect by combining degradable nanocellulose and the biomass-based material chitosan, where the photothermal layer is made of carboxylated multi-walled carbon nanotubes and carboxymethylcellulose, which exhibits broad-band spectral absorption, excellent light-to-heat conversion, and enhances the Donnan effect and inhibits Cl damage to the evaporator. Directional freezing technique was utilized to obtain vertically aligned water channels and unique surface structure to enhance the evaporation rate in order to solve the problem of low evaporation rate of concentrated brine. Experiments show that the biomimetic solar evaporator achieves an ultra-high evaporation rate of 3.382 kg m h in simulated seawater under 1 kW m solar radiation and is capable of long-term stable operation in saline environments. This work promotes the development of salt-resistant solar evaporators by virtue of its green, efficient, durable, and sustainable strength, and provides valuable insights for solving the problem of water scarcity in saline and arid regions.
淡水短缺是一个紧迫的全球问题，而太阳能蒸发技术通过利用太阳能进行水的蒸发和冷凝提供了一个有前景的解决方案。在本研究中，我们通过结合可降解的纳米纤维素和生物质基材料壳聚糖，提出了一种基于唐南效应的环保仿生太阳能蒸发器，其中光热层由羧化多壁碳纳米管和羧甲基纤维素制成，其具有宽带光谱吸收、优异的光热转换性能，并增强了唐南效应，抑制了氯离子对蒸发器的损害。利用定向冷冻技术获得垂直排列的水通道和独特的表面结构以提高蒸发速率，从而解决浓盐水蒸发速率低的问题。实验表明，该仿生太阳能蒸发器在1 kW/m²太阳辐射下的模拟海水中实现了3.382 kg m⁻² h⁻¹的超高蒸发速率，并且能够在盐水环境中长期稳定运行。这项工作凭借其绿色、高效、耐用和可持续的优势推动了耐盐太阳能蒸发器的发展，并为解决盐碱和干旱地区的缺水问题提供了有价值的见解。
