Huang Guixian, Kong Jie, Tian Jiteng, Luan Sheng, Liu Mianyu, Luo Kun, Tan Jian, Cao Jiawang, Dai Ping, Qiang Guangfeng, Xing Qun, Sui Juan, Meng Xianhong
State Key Laboratory of Mariculture Biobreeding and Sustainable Goods, Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Science, Qingdao 266071, China.
Laboratory for Marine Fisheries Science and Food Production Processes, Qingdao Marine Science and Technology Center, Qingdao 266237, China.
Animals (Basel). 2025 Apr 29;15(9):1266. doi: 10.3390/ani15091266.
This study evaluated the genetic parameters for growth and () resistance in both the introduced MK strain and the self-constructed GK strain of , investigating the impact of genotyped female parents on trait estimates under a single-parent nested mating design. A total of 32 families from the MK strain and 44 families from the GK strain were analyzed. Fifty-four female parents from both strains were genotyped using the "Yellow Sea Chip No. 1" containing 10.0 K SNPs. In the MK strain, heritability estimates ranged from 0.439 to 0.458 for body weight (Bw) and from 0.308 to 0.489 for survival time (ST) and survival rates at 36 h (36 SR), 50% mortality (SS), and 60 h (60 SR). In the GK strain, heritability for Bw ranged from 0.724 to 0.726, while ST, 36 SR, SS, and 60 SR had heritability estimates between 0.370 and 0.593. Genetic correlations between Bw and ST were 0.601 to 0.622 in the MK strain and 0.742 to 0.744 in the GK strain. For Bw and survival rates, correlations ranged from 0.120 to 0.547 in the MK strain and from 0.426 to 0.906 in the GK strain. The genetic correlation between ST and survival rates was not significantly different from 1 ( > 0.05) in both strains. High Pearson correlations (0.853 to 0.997, < 0.01) were observed among survival rates at different points. Predictive accuracies for Bw, ST, and survival rates using single-step genomic best linear unbiased prediction (ssGBLUP) were comparable to pedigree-based best linear unbiased prediction (pBLUP) in the MK strain, while in the GK strain, ssGBLUP improved predictive accuracies for Bw, ST, and SS by 0.20%, 0.32%, and 0.38%, respectively. The results indicate that both growth and resistance have significant breeding potential. Although the genetic correlation between weight and resistance varies across different populations, there is a positive genetic correlation between these traits, supporting the feasibility of multi-trait selection. To enhance genetic accuracy, breeding programs should include more genotyped progeny. These findings also suggest that infection frequency and observation time influence resistance performance and breeding selection, emphasizing the need for a tailored resistance evaluation program to improve breeding efficiency and reduce costs.
本研究评估了引进的MK品系和自行构建的GK品系中生长和（）抗性的遗传参数，在单亲巢式交配设计下研究了基因分型的雌性亲本对性状估计的影响。共分析了来自MK品系的32个家系和来自GK品系的44个家系。使用包含10.0 K个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的“黄海芯片1号”对两个品系的54个雌性亲本进行了基因分型。在MK品系中，体重（Bw）的遗传力估计值在0.439至0.458之间，生存时间（ST）以及36小时生存率（36 SR）、50%死亡率（SS）和60小时生存率（60 SR）的遗传力估计值在0.308至0.489之间。在GK品系中，Bw的遗传力在0.724至0.726之间，而ST、36 SR、SS和60 SR的遗传力估计值在0.370至0.593之间。MK品系中Bw与ST的遗传相关性为0.601至0.622，GK品系中为0.742至0.744。对于Bw和生存率，MK品系中的相关性在0.120至0.547之间，GK品系中的相关性在0.426至0.906之间。两个品系中ST与生存率之间的遗传相关性与1无显著差异（>0.05）。在不同时间点的生存率之间观察到较高的皮尔逊相关性（0.853至0.997，<0.01）。在MK品系中，使用单步基因组最佳线性无偏预测（ssGBLUP）对Bw、ST和生存率的预测准确性与基于系谱的最佳线性无偏预测（pBLUP）相当，而在GK品系中，ssGBLUP分别将Bw、ST和SS的预测准确性提高了0.20%、0.32%和0.38%。结果表明，生长和（）抗性均具有显著的育种潜力。尽管体重与抗性之间的遗传相关性在不同群体中有所不同，但这些性状之间存在正遗传相关性，支持多性状选择的可行性。为提高遗传准确性，育种计划应纳入更多基因分型后代。这些发现还表明，感染频率和观察时间会影响抗性表现和育种选择，强调需要制定针对性的抗性评估计划以提高育种效率并降低成本。
