Hong Subeen, Choi Sae Kyung, Wie Jeong Ha, Shin Jae Eun, Jo Yun Sung, Kim Yeon Hee, Kang Byung Soo, Kim Oyoung, Won Sangeun, Yoon Hee Ju, Kim Hyeon Soo, Park In Yang, Yang Mihi, Ko Hyun Sun
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 06591, Republic of Korea.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Apr 29;26(9):4226. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094226.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) requires lifestyle changes that may alter exposure to endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs). This study aimed to assess maternal and fetal exposure to EDCs-including bisphenol-A (BPA), monoethyl phthalate (MEP), and perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA)-during the COVID-19 pandemic and to evaluate their association with fetal birthweight. Maternal urine (second and third trimester) and paired cord blood samples were analyzed from 58 GDM and 118 non-GDM pregnancies using UPLC-MS/MS. Significant correlations were found between maternal urine and cord blood levels of BPA and MEP. Cord blood BPA levels were significantly lower in GDM mothers (0.35 vs. 0.72 μg/L, < 0.05), suggesting reduced exposure due to dietary interventions. However, maternal urinary BPA levels in GDM pregnancies were positively associated with fetal birthweight (β = 2.69, < 0.05), indicating increased susceptibility to obesogenic effects. PFOA was present in all cord blood but only 41% of maternal urine samples. These findings underscore the dual impact of GDM-related lifestyle changes: reduced EDC transfer to the fetus, yet persistent metabolic vulnerability.
妊娠期糖尿病（GDM）需要改变生活方式，而这可能会改变对内分泌干扰化学物质（EDC）的暴露情况。本研究旨在评估新冠疫情期间母婴对包括双酚A（BPA）、邻苯二甲酸单乙酯（MEP）和全氟辛酸（PFOA）在内的EDC的暴露情况，并评估它们与胎儿出生体重的关联。使用超高效液相色谱-串联质谱法（UPLC-MS/MS）对58例GDM妊娠和118例非GDM妊娠的孕妇尿液（孕中期和孕晚期）及配对的脐带血样本进行了分析。发现孕妇尿液和脐带血中BPA和MEP的水平之间存在显著相关性。GDM母亲的脐带血BPA水平显著较低（0.35对0.72μg/L，<0.05），表明饮食干预导致暴露减少。然而，GDM妊娠中孕妇尿液BPA水平与胎儿出生体重呈正相关（β = 2.69，<0.05），表明对致肥胖效应的易感性增加。所有脐带血样本中均检测到PFOA，但仅41%的孕妇尿液样本中检测到。这些发现强调了GDM相关生活方式改变的双重影响：减少了EDC向胎儿的转移，但代谢易感性仍然存在。
