Zhou Dan, Wang Kaixin, Yuan Youming, Li Yalan, Schlegel Richard, Wang Aibing, Yuan Hang
Department of Pathology, Georgetown University Medical School, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
College of Veterinary Medicine, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 May 6;26(9):4391. doi: 10.3390/ijms26094391.
Canine papillomavirus (CPV) infection leads to a range of clinical manifestations from benign warts to malignant tumors in dogs, posing significant challenges in veterinary medicine due to its diverse genotypic spectrum. This study introduced broad-range and robust polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assays designed to enhance the detection, identification, and quantification of multiple CPV genotypes. By using both universal and genotype-specific primers, this protocol significantly improved diagnostic specificity and sensitivity across the 23 known CPV genotypes compared to previously described ones. The primers were designed to target conserved regions across all genotypes for general detection, as well as specific regions in the predominant genotypes CPV1 and CPV2 for detailed analysis. Validation of this protocol using synthetic plasmids and clinical samples confirmed its enhanced performance over traditional methods, as demonstrated by higher specificity and sensitivity. Additionally, the application of this PCR approach in a series of epidemiological studies provided novel insights into the distribution and prevalence of CPV genotypes, highlighting its potential utility in shaping targeted vaccination and clinical management strategies. Furthermore, the quantitative capability of this established protocol allowed for monitoring viral loads in clinical cases, offering a valuable tool for assessing treatment efficacy and disease progression. Further validation through larger-scale clinical studies will be crucial to substantiate the diagnostic accuracy and epidemiological value of the assays.
犬乳头瘤病毒（CPV）感染可导致犬出现从良性疣到恶性肿瘤的一系列临床表现，由于其基因型谱多样，给兽医学带来了重大挑战。本研究引入了广泛且强大的聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测方法，旨在加强对多种CPV基因型的检测、鉴定和定量。通过使用通用引物和基因型特异性引物，与先前描述的方法相比，该方案显著提高了对23种已知CPV基因型的诊断特异性和灵敏度。这些引物被设计用于靶向所有基因型的保守区域进行一般检测，以及靶向主要基因型CPV1和CPV2中的特定区域进行详细分析。使用合成质粒和临床样本对该方案进行验证，证实了其相对于传统方法的增强性能，表现为更高的特异性和灵敏度。此外，这种PCR方法在一系列流行病学研究中的应用为CPV基因型的分布和流行情况提供了新的见解，突出了其在制定靶向疫苗接种和临床管理策略方面的潜在效用。此外，该既定方案的定量能力允许监测临床病例中的病毒载量，为评估治疗效果和疾病进展提供了一个有价值的工具。通过大规模临床研究进行进一步验证对于证实检测方法的诊断准确性和流行病学价值至关重要。
