Rondanelli Mariangela, Gasparri Clara, Moroni Alessia, Genovese Elisa, Valentini Eugenio Marzio, Leone Giorgia, Perna Simone, Mazzola Giuseppe
Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Endocrinology and Nutrition Unit, Azienda di Servizi alla Persona "Istituto Santa Margherita", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Nutrients. 2025 Apr 29;17(9):1511. doi: 10.3390/nu17091511.
Sarcopenic obesity, characterized by excess fat and reduced muscle mass/function, is linked to chronic inflammation and metabolic dysfunction. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of a 2-month multidisciplinary residential program (MRP) on the clinical and functional outcomes associated with the risk of sarcopenia in 61 institutionalized Italian adults with obesity (mean age of 60; 36 women and 25 men; BMI ≥ 30 with metabolic comorbidities). The MRP included personalized nutrition, physical activity, and psychological support. Outcomes included anthropometric, biochemical, body composition, and physical performance measures (via Short Physical Performance Battery [SPPB]), with sarcopenia risk evaluated using EWGSOP2 criteria. Post-intervention, significant improvements were observed in SPPB scores (+0.93 units, < 0.001), weight (-6.4 kg), BMI (-2.45 kg/m), fat mass (-3.9 kg), visceral adipose tissue (-314.2 g), and fat-free mass index (-285.54 g; all < 0.01). Glycemic control improved, with reductions in fasting glucose (-16.4 mg/dL), HbA1c (-0.81%), insulin (-2.77 mcU/mL), and HOMA-IR (-0.95; < 0.05). Lipid profiles also improved, including total cholesterol (-21.32 mg/dL), LDL (-12.10 mg/dL), and triglycerides (-39.07 mg/dL; all < 0.001). The MRP effectively enhanced body composition, metabolic health, and physical function, underscoring its potential as a preferred strategy for managing sarcopenic obesity in institutional settings.
肌少症性肥胖的特征是脂肪过多且肌肉量/功能减少，与慢性炎症和代谢功能障碍有关。本研究旨在评估一项为期2个月的多学科住院计划（MRP）对61名患有肥胖症的意大利成年住院患者（平均年龄60岁；36名女性和25名男性；BMI≥30且伴有代谢合并症）与肌少症风险相关的临床和功能结局的疗效。该MRP包括个性化营养、体育活动和心理支持。结局指标包括人体测量、生化、身体成分和身体表现指标（通过简易身体表现量表[SPPB]），并使用EWGSOP2标准评估肌少症风险。干预后，观察到SPPB评分（+0.93分，<0.001）、体重（-6.4千克）、BMI（-2.45千克/平方米）、脂肪量（-3.9千克）、内脏脂肪组织（-314.2克）和去脂体重指数（-285.54克；均<0.01）有显著改善。血糖控制得到改善，空腹血糖（-16.4毫克/分升）、糖化血红蛋白（-0.81%）、胰岛素（-2.77毫国际单位/毫升）和胰岛素抵抗指数（-0.95；<0.05）均有所降低。血脂谱也有所改善，包括总胆固醇（-21.32毫克/分升）、低密度脂蛋白（-12.10毫克/分升）和甘油三酯（-39.07毫克/分升；均<0.001）。该MRP有效地改善了身体成分、代谢健康和身体功能，突出了其作为机构环境中管理肌少症性肥胖的首选策略的潜力。
