Department of Physical Therapy and Assistive Technology, School of Biomedical Science and Engineering, National Yang Ming University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan.
Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Shuang Ho Hospital, Taipei Medical University, New Taipei City 23561, Taiwan.
Nutrients. 2019 Sep 9;11(9):2163. doi: 10.3390/nu11092163.
People with sarcopenic obesity (SO) are characterized by both low muscle mass (sarcopenia) and high body fat (obesity); they have greater risks of metabolic diseases and physical disability than people with sarcopenia or obesity alone. Exercise and nutrition have been reported to be effective for both obesity and sarcopenia management. Thus, we aimed to investigate the effects of exercise and nutrition on body composition, metabolic health, and physical performance in individuals with SO. Studies investigating the effects of exercise and nutrition on body composition, metabolic health, and physical performance in SO individuals were searched from electronic databases up to April 2019. Fifteen studies were included in the meta-analysis. Aerobic exercise decreased body weight and fat mass (FM). Resistance exercise (RE) decreased FM and improved grip strength. The combination of aerobic exercise and RE decreased FM and improved walking speed. Nutritional intervention, especially low-calorie high-protein (LCHP) diet, decreased FM but did not affect muscle mass and grip strength. In addition to exercise training, nutrition did not provide extra benefits in outcome. Exercise, especially RE, is essential to improve body composition and physical performance in individuals with SO. Nutritional intervention with LCHP decreases FM but does not improve physical performance.
患有肌肉减少性肥胖症（SO）的人具有低肌肉质量（肌肉减少症）和高体脂肪（肥胖症）的特征；与单独患有肌肉减少症或肥胖症的人相比，他们患有代谢疾病和身体残疾的风险更高。运动和营养已被证明对肥胖症和肌肉减少症的管理都有效。因此，我们旨在研究运动和营养对 SO 个体的身体成分、代谢健康和身体机能的影响。截至 2019 年 4 月，我们从电子数据库中搜索了研究运动和营养对 SO 个体的身体成分、代谢健康和身体机能影响的研究。共有 15 项研究纳入了荟萃分析。有氧运动可降低体重和脂肪量（FM）。阻力运动（RE）可降低 FM 并改善握力。有氧运动和 RE 的结合可降低 FM 并提高步行速度。营养干预，特别是低热量高蛋白（LCHP）饮食，可降低 FM，但不会影响肌肉质量和握力。除了运动训练外，营养在结果上没有提供额外的益处。运动，特别是 RE，对于改善 SO 个体的身体成分和身体机能至关重要。营养干预采用 LCHP 可降低 FM，但不能改善身体机能。
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