Bayer Jasmin, Petersen Nicole Karoline, Hess Jeanine Veruschka, Jockel-Schneider Yvonne, Högger Petra
Institute of Pharmacy and Food Chemistry, University of Würzburg, 97074 Würzburg, Germany.
Department of Periodontology, University Hospital Würzburg, 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
Nutrients. 2025 Apr 30;17(9):1546. doi: 10.3390/nu17091546.
: Gingival inflammation is highly prevalent and may impact systemic health. While professional mechanical plaque removal (PMPR) is the standard treatment, dietary interventions may provide additional benefits. The French maritime pine bark extract Pycnogenol has anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, but its impact on inflammatory biomarkers in saliva and serum has not been studied in a controlled clinical trial. : In this randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial, 91 participants received Pycnogenol (100 mg twice daily; = 46) or a placebo ( = 45) following PMPR. Saliva and serum samples were collected at baseline, and after two and three months. Inflammatory biomarkers (IL-1β, IL-6, MMP-8, and MMP-9) and polyphenol concentrations were analyzed using ELISA and LC-MS/MS. : Pycnogenol supplementation significantly reduced salivary MMP-8 levels ( = 0.0261), and serum IL-6 levels compared to placebo ( = 0.0409). Additionally, ferulic acid, caffeic acid, and the gut microbial metabolite 5-(3,4-dihydroxyphenyl)-γ-valerolactone (M1) significantly increased in saliva following Pycnogenol intake. A correlation analysis revealed a significant inverse association between bleeding on probing and M1 concentration in saliva (r = -0.3476, = 0.0167). : Dietary supplementation with Pycnogenol significantly reduced key inflammatory biomarkers and increased polyphenol concentrations in saliva, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect of Pycnogenol on gingival inflammation. : ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT05786820).
牙龈炎症非常普遍，可能会影响全身健康。虽然专业机械菌斑清除术（PMPR）是标准治疗方法，但饮食干预可能会带来额外益处。法国滨海松树皮提取物碧萝芷具有抗炎和抗氧化特性，但其对唾液和血清中炎症生物标志物的影响尚未在对照临床试验中进行研究。
在这项随机、双盲、安慰剂对照的临床试验中，91名参与者在接受PMPR后服用碧萝芷（每日两次，每次100毫克；n = 46）或安慰剂（n = 45）。在基线以及两个月和三个月后采集唾液和血清样本。使用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）和液相色谱 - 串联质谱（LC - MS/MS）分析炎症生物标志物（白细胞介素 - 1β、白细胞介素 - 6、基质金属蛋白酶 - 8和基质金属蛋白酶 - 9）和多酚浓度。
与安慰剂相比，补充碧萝芷显著降低了唾液中基质金属蛋白酶 - 8水平（P = 0.0261）和血清白细胞介素 - 6水平（P = 0.0409）。此外，摄入碧萝芷后，唾液中的阿魏酸、咖啡酸和肠道微生物代谢产物5 - （3,4 - 二羟基苯基） - γ - 戊内酯（M1）显著增加。相关性分析显示，探诊出血与唾液中M1浓度之间存在显著负相关（r = -0.3476，P = 0.0167）。
饮食中补充碧萝芷可显著降低关键炎症生物标志物水平，并增加唾液中多酚浓度，表明碧萝芷对牙龈炎症具有潜在的抗炎作用。
ClinicalTrials.gov（NCT05786820）。
