Amato Mariacristina, Polizzi Alessandro, Viglianisi Gaia, Leonforte Francesco, Mascitti Marco, Isola Gaetano
Department of General Surgery and Surgical-Medical Specialties, School of Dentistry, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
Hygiene Unit, Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences and Advanced Technologies, University of Catania, 95124 Catania, Italy.
Metabolites. 2025 Jan 9;15(1):35. doi: 10.3390/metabo15010035.
Periodontitis, a chronic multifactorial inflammatory condition of the periodontium, is originated by a dysbiotic oral microbiota and is negatively correlated with several systemic diseases. The low-chronic burden of gingival inflammation not only exacerbates periodontitis but also predisposes individuals to a spectrum of age-related conditions, including cardiovascular diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and metabolic dysfunction, especially related to ageing. In this regard, over the local periodontal treatment, lifestyle modifications and adjunctive therapies may offer synergistic benefits in ameliorating both oral and systemic health in ageing populations. Elucidating the intricate connections between periodontitis and senescence is important for understanding oral health's systemic implications for ageing and age-related diseases. Effective management strategies targeting the oral microbiota and senescent pathways may offer novel avenues for promoting healthy ageing and preventing age-related morbidities. This review will analyze the current literature about the intricate interplay between periodontitis, oral dysbiosis, and the processes of senescence, shedding light on their collective impact on the modulation and accelerated ageing and age-related diseases. Lastly, therapeutic strategies targeting periodontitis and oral dysbiosis to mitigate senescence and its associated morbidities will be discussed.
牙周炎是一种牙周组织的慢性多因素炎症性疾病，由口腔微生物群失调引起，与多种全身性疾病呈负相关。牙龈炎症的低慢性负担不仅会加重牙周炎，还会使个体易患一系列与年龄相关的疾病，包括心血管疾病、神经退行性疾病和代谢功能障碍，尤其是与衰老相关的疾病。在这方面，除了局部牙周治疗外，生活方式的改变和辅助治疗可能在改善老年人群的口腔和全身健康方面具有协同益处。阐明牙周炎与衰老之间的复杂联系对于理解口腔健康对衰老和与年龄相关疾病的全身影响至关重要。针对口腔微生物群和衰老途径的有效管理策略可能为促进健康衰老和预防与年龄相关的疾病提供新途径。本综述将分析关于牙周炎、口腔生态失调和衰老过程之间复杂相互作用的现有文献，揭示它们对调节和加速衰老以及与年龄相关疾病的共同影响。最后，将讨论针对牙周炎和口腔生态失调以减轻衰老及其相关疾病的治疗策略。
