Lopez de Coca Teresa, Maya Pablo, Villagrasa Victoria, Moreno Lucrecia
Cátedra DeCo MICOF-CEU UCH, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Department of Pharmacy, Universidad Cardenal Herrera-CEU, CEU Universities, 46115 Valencia, Spain.
Nutrients. 2025 May 2;17(9):1570. doi: 10.3390/nu17091570.
Cardiovascular (CV) diseases remain a leading global health challenge, being influenced by diet and systemic inflammation. Adherence to healthy dietary patterns, such as the Mediterranean (MED), Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Anti-inflammatory (AnMED) diets, may reduce the CV risk.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the association between the adherence to healthy dietary patterns and CV treatments.
This cross-sectional study was conducted in the Valencian Community, Spain. Nutritional data were collected using a food frequency questionnaire to assess the adherence to MED, DASH, and AnMED dietary patterns. Statistical analyses, including Kruskal-Wallis tests and linear regression models, evaluated dietary adherence, nutrient intake, the Dietary Inflammatory Index (DII), and medication use.
Of 468 participants initially recruited, were included in the final analysis after applying inclusion and exclusion criteria (88.48% female, mean age: 66.16 ± 9.59 years). A significant association was observed between the DII and antihypertensive use (-value < 0.001), with higher DII scores correlating with increased antihypertensive consumption. Among dietary patterns, the AnMED diet exhibited the strongest association with the DII (-adjust < 0.001). Predictive modeling revealed a 14.28% increase in antihypertensive use per unit rise in the DII. The AnMED diet was the only pattern significantly linked to improved micronutrient intake, including calcium, magnesium, sodium, and potassium.
The DII is a useful tool for assessing the inflammatory potential of diets. Diets with lower DII scores, such as the AnMED diet, may reduce systemic inflammation and improve CV health. Adherence to the AnMED diet may lower blood pressure and reduce reliance on antihypertensive medications, supporting anti-inflammatory dietary patterns for CV disease prevention and management.
心血管（CV）疾病仍然是一项重大的全球健康挑战，受到饮食和全身炎症的影响。坚持健康的饮食模式，如地中海饮食（MED）、终止高血压膳食方法（DASH）和抗炎饮食（AnMED），可能会降低心血管风险。
背景/目的：我们旨在评估坚持健康饮食模式与心血管治疗之间的关联。
这项横断面研究在西班牙巴伦西亚自治区进行。使用食物频率问卷收集营养数据，以评估对MED、DASH和AnMED饮食模式的依从性。统计分析，包括Kruskal-Wallis检验和线性回归模型，评估饮食依从性、营养素摄入量、饮食炎症指数（DII）和药物使用情况。
在最初招募的468名参与者中，应用纳入和排除标准后有[X]名被纳入最终分析（88.48%为女性，平均年龄：66.16±9.59岁）。观察到DII与抗高血压药物使用之间存在显著关联（P值<0.001），DII得分越高，抗高血压药物消费量越高。在饮食模式中，AnMED饮食与DII的关联最强（调整后P<0.001）。预测模型显示，DII每增加一个单位，抗高血压药物使用量增加14.28%。AnMED饮食是唯一与改善微量营养素摄入量显著相关的模式，包括钙、镁、钠和钾。
DII是评估饮食炎症潜力的有用工具。DII得分较低的饮食，如AnMED饮食，可能会减轻全身炎症并改善心血管健康。坚持AnMED饮食可能会降低血压并减少对抗高血压药物的依赖，支持抗炎饮食模式用于心血管疾病的预防和管理。
