Liu Zexiang, Xu Zhihong, Li Kelin, Xie Li, Han Biao, Wang Qiming, Song Hainong, Zhang Jian
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Clean Pulp & Papermaking and Pollution Control, School of Light Industry and Food Engineering, Guangxi University, Nanning 530004, China.
Scientific Research Academy of GuangXi Environmental Protection, Nanning 530022, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Apr 23;17(9):1145. doi: 10.3390/polym17091145.
The partial nitrification-anammox process offers a cost-effective, energy-efficient, and environmentally sustainable approach for nitrogen removal in wastewater treatment. However, its application under low ammonia nitrogen conditions faces operational challenges including prolonged start-up periods and excessive nitrite oxidation. This study employed a strategy combining polyurethane surface positive charge enhancement and zeolite loading to develop a carrier capable of microbial enrichment and inhibition of nitrate generation, aiming to initiate the partial nitrification-anammox process in a sequencing batch reactor. Operational results demonstrate that the modified carrier enabled the reactor to achieve a total nitrogen removal efficiency of 78%, with the effluent nitrate nitrogen reduced to 6.03 mg-N/L, successfully initiating the partial nitrification-anammox process. The modified carrier also exhibited accelerated biofilm proliferation (both suspended and attached biomass increased). Additionally, 16S rRNA revealed a higher relative abundance of typical anammox bacteria Brocadia in the biofilm of the modified carrier compared to the original carrier, alongside a decline in nitrifying genera, such as . These microbial shifts effectively suppressed excessive nitrite oxidation, limited nitrate accumulation, and sustained efficient nitrogen removal throughout the reactor's operation.
短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺为污水处理中的氮去除提供了一种经济高效、节能且环境可持续的方法。然而，其在低氨氮条件下的应用面临操作挑战，包括启动时间延长和亚硝酸盐过度氧化。本研究采用了一种结合增强聚氨酯表面正电荷和负载沸石的策略，以开发一种能够实现微生物富集并抑制硝酸盐生成的载体，旨在在序批式反应器中启动短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺。运行结果表明，改性载体使反应器的总氮去除效率达到78%，出水硝酸盐氮降至6.03 mg-N/L，成功启动了短程硝化-厌氧氨氧化工艺。改性载体还表现出生物膜增殖加速（悬浮和附着生物量均增加）。此外，16S rRNA显示，与原始载体相比，改性载体生物膜中典型厌氧氨氧化菌布罗卡德氏菌的相对丰度更高，同时硝化菌属（如 ）的丰度下降。这些微生物变化有效地抑制了过度的亚硝酸盐氧化，限制了硝酸盐积累，并在反应器运行过程中维持了高效的氮去除。
