Kalauova Altynay S, Palchikova Ekaterina E, Makarov Igor S, Shandryuk Georgiy A, Abilkhairov Amangeldi I, Kalimanova Danagul Zh, Naukenov Meirbek Zh, Shambilova Gulbarshin K, Novikov Egor M, Song Junlong, Smyslov Alexander G
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, Kh. Dosmukhamedov Atyrau University, Studenchesky Ave. 1, Atyrau 060011, Kazakhstan.
A.V. Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, 29 Leninsky Prospect, 119991 Moscow, Russia.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Apr 29;17(9):1223. doi: 10.3390/polym17091223.
The research investigates the thermal behavior of mixed systems based on natural and artificial cellulose fibers used as precursors for carbon nonwoven materials. Flax and hemp fibers were employed as natural components; they were first chemically treated to remove impurities and enriched with alpha-cellulose. The structure, chemical composition, and mechanical properties of both natural and viscose fibers were studied. It was shown that fiber properties depend on the fiber production process history; natural fibers are characterized by a high content of impurities and exhibit high strength characteristics, whereas viscose fibers have greater deformation properties. The thermal behavior of blended compositions was investigated using TGA and DSC methods across a wide range of component ratios. Carbon yield values at 1000 °C were found to be lower for blended systems containing 10-40% by weight of bast fibers, with carbon yield increasing as the quantity of natural fibers increased. Thus, the composition of the cellulose composite affects carbon yield and thermal processes in the system. Using the Kissinger method, data were obtained on the value of the activation energy of thermal decomposition for various cellulose and composite systems. It was found that natural fiber systems have three-times higher activation energy than viscose fiber systems, indicating their greater thermal stability. Blends of natural and artificial fibers combine the benefits of both precursors, enabling the deliberate regulation of thermal behavior and carbon material yield. This approach opens up prospects for the creation of functional carbon materials used in various high-tech areas, including thermal insulation.
该研究调查了基于天然和人造纤维素纤维的混合体系的热行为，这些纤维用作碳无纺布材料的前驱体。亚麻和大麻纤维被用作天然组分；它们首先经过化学处理以去除杂质并富含α-纤维素。研究了天然纤维和粘胶纤维的结构、化学成分及力学性能。结果表明，纤维性能取决于纤维的生产工艺历史；天然纤维的特点是杂质含量高且具有高强度特性，而粘胶纤维具有更大的变形性能。使用热重分析法（TGA）和差示扫描量热法（DSC）在广泛的组分比例范围内研究了共混物的热行为。发现对于含有10-40%（重量）韧皮纤维的混合体系，1000℃时的碳产率值较低，且随着天然纤维数量的增加碳产率升高。因此，纤维素复合材料的组成会影响体系中的碳产率和热过程。使用基辛格方法，获得了各种纤维素和复合体系热分解活化能值的数据。发现天然纤维体系的活化能比粘胶纤维体系高三倍，表明其热稳定性更高。天然纤维与人造纤维的共混物结合了两种前驱体的优点，能够有意调控热行为和碳材料产率。这种方法为制造用于包括隔热在内的各种高科技领域的功能碳材料开辟了前景。
