Zhang Jiawei, Zhang Zhen, Huang Ran, Tan Lianjiang
School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Institute of Technology, Shanghai 201418, China.
Shanghai Municipal Engineering Design Institute (Group) Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200092, China.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 May 7;17(9):1288. doi: 10.3390/polym17091288.
This work provides a comprehensive review of the recent advancements in the toughening modification methods for epoxy resins. The study explores a variety of approaches, including the incorporation of liquid rubbers, core-shell rubber particles, thermoplastic resins, hyperbranched polymers, and the nanoparticle toughening method, each of which contributes to improving the mechanical properties and fracture toughness of epoxy resins. Special attention is given to the mechanisms underlying these toughening methods, such as reaction-induced phase separation, crack pinning, and energy dissipation through particle deformation. The paper also examines the synergistic effects achieved by combining different toughening agents, such as phenoxy thermoplastic rubber and core-shell rubber particles, which significantly enhance the critical fracture energy and impact strength of epoxy composites. Additionally, the challenges associated with each method, such as the potential reduction in mechanical properties and the influence of phase separation on material performance, are discussed. Through a detailed analysis of experimental studies, this paper highlights the effectiveness of various toughening strategies and suggests future research directions aimed at further optimizing epoxy resin toughening techniques for diverse industrial applications. Emerging computational modeling and machine learning applications in epoxy resin development are also systematically reviewed to highlight their potential in advancing predictive design frameworks.
这项工作全面回顾了环氧树脂增韧改性方法的最新进展。该研究探索了多种方法，包括加入液体橡胶、核壳橡胶颗粒、热塑性树脂、超支化聚合物以及纳米粒子增韧方法，每种方法都有助于提高环氧树脂的机械性能和断裂韧性。特别关注了这些增韧方法的潜在机制，如反应诱导相分离、裂纹钉扎以及通过颗粒变形实现的能量耗散。本文还研究了通过组合不同增韧剂（如苯氧基热塑性橡胶和核壳橡胶颗粒）所实现的协同效应，这显著提高了环氧复合材料的临界断裂能和冲击强度。此外，还讨论了每种方法所面临的挑战，如机械性能可能下降以及相分离对材料性能的影响。通过对实验研究的详细分析，本文突出了各种增韧策略的有效性，并提出了未来的研究方向，旨在进一步优化用于各种工业应用的环氧树脂增韧技术。还系统回顾了新兴的计算建模和机器学习在环氧树脂开发中的应用，以突出它们在推进预测设计框架方面的潜力。
