Raszewski Zbigniew, Chojnacka Katarzyna, Ponto-Wolska Małgorzata, Mikulewicz Marcin
Everall7, Augustówka 14, 02-981 Warsaw, Poland.
Department of Advanced Material Technologies, Faculty of Chemistry, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology, Smoluchowskiego 25, 50-372 Wroclaw, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Apr 22;18(9):1901. doi: 10.3390/ma18091901.
Root canal sealers remain in long-term contact with dental tissues, raising concerns about their potential adverse effects.
This study evaluates the physicochemical properties and ion-release profiles of three dental materials: zinc oxide/eugenol-based sealer, zinc phosphate cement (luting agent), and glass-ionomer cement (restorative material) under acidic (pH 4) and neutral (pH 7) conditions over 24 h and 30 days to determine their behavior and bioactivity in vitro. The materials were evaluated for their setting time, consistency, film thickness, solubility, and ion release using atomic emission spectrometry. The influence of pH and exposure time on ion release was analyzed using multiple regression analysis.
All tested materials met the ISO standards for their respective categories. The zinc oxide/eugenol and zinc phosphate cements released increased levels of zinc in acidic environments (pH 4), suggesting potential antimicrobial properties. The glass-ionomer cement exhibited higher silicon and strontium release under a neutral pH (pH 7), indicating potential remineralization effects. Silver from the zinc oxide/eugenol material was below the detection limit of the applied method, suggesting minimal ion release under the tested conditions. Maximum zinc release from root canal sealer occurred after 30 days at pH 4 (1.39 ± 0.26 mg), while the highest silicon release from glass-ionomer cement was observed at pH 7 after 30 days (1.03 ± 0.21 mg).
Zinc oxide/eugenol materials exhibited increased zinc release under acidic conditions. In contrast, the restorative and luting materials demonstrated distinct ion-release patterns, aligning with their respective intended applications rather than endodontic purposes.
根管封闭剂会长期与牙齿组织接触，这引发了人们对其潜在不良影响的担忧。
本研究评估了三种牙科材料在酸性（pH 4）和中性（pH 7）条件下24小时及30天内的物理化学性质和离子释放曲线，这三种材料分别是氧化锌/丁香酚基封闭剂、磷酸锌水门汀（粘结剂）和玻璃离子水门汀（修复材料），以确定它们在体外的行为和生物活性。使用原子发射光谱法对材料的凝固时间、稠度、薄膜厚度、溶解度和离子释放进行了评估。采用多元回归分析了pH值和暴露时间对离子释放的影响。
所有测试材料均符合各自类别的ISO标准。氧化锌/丁香酚和磷酸锌水门汀在酸性环境（pH 4）中释放的锌水平增加，表明具有潜在的抗菌性能。玻璃离子水门汀在中性pH值（pH 7）下表现出更高的硅和锶释放，表明具有潜在的再矿化作用。氧化锌/丁香酚材料中的银低于所采用方法的检测限，表明在测试条件下离子释放极少。根管封闭剂在pH 4条件下30天后锌释放量最大（1.39±0.26毫克），而玻璃离子水门汀在pH 7条件下30天后硅释放量最高（1.03±0.21毫克）。
氧化锌/丁香酚材料在酸性条件下锌释放量增加。相比之下，修复材料和粘结材料表现出不同的离子释放模式，这与其各自预期的应用而非牙髓治疗目的相符。
