Sympathetic regulation of cephalic blood flow.

Blood flow to bilateral tissues (cranial and extracranial) was studied by means of the particle distribution method in two groups of anesthetized dogs (five using 25-mu radioactive microspheres, six using 15-mu microspheres) and five anesthetized stumptail Macaques monkeys (8-mj spheres) during unilateral sympathetic stimulation. The stimulatory parameters were adjusted to produce maximum pupillary dilatation. In the five dogs hemispheric and regional cerebral blood flow decreased but not significantly. Flow to the extracranial tissues decreased 82%. Hemispheric brain blood flow averaged 0.70 ml/min/gm for Paco2 of 40 mm Hg. In the six dogs sympathetic stimulation did not significantly decrease cerebral blood flow but decreased flow to extracranial tissues (72.3%). At an average Paco2 of 33.2 mm Hg, hemispheric blood flow to the unstimulated side averaged 0.51 ml/min/gm. In the five monkeys findings were essentially the same as those observed in the dogs. The hemispheric blood flow averaged 0.36 ml/min/gm on the nonstimulated side for an average Paco2 of 36.6 mm Hg. Under the conditions studied, electrical stimulation of the cervical sympathetic nerves does not appear to modify regional or total brain blood flow in dogs and Macaques monkeys. The vascular response in oral and other extracranial tissues is very dramatic, however.