Teixeira João David, Leão de Sousa Miguel, Barros Sílvia Cruz, Parpot Pier, Almeida Carina, Sanches Silva Ana
National Institute for Agrarian and Veterinary Research (INIAV), I.P., Rua dos Lágidos, Lugar da Madalena Vairão, 4485-655 Vila do Conde, Portugal.
Center for Study in Animal Science (CECA), Institute of Sciences, Technologies and Agroenvironment of the University of Porto (ICETA), University of Porto, Praça Coronel Pacheco, 4050-453 Porto, Portugal.
Molecules. 2025 Apr 30;30(9):1995. doi: 10.3390/molecules30091995.
Phenolic compounds in apples provide significant health benefits, including antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. The phenolic profile and content in apples are influenced by genetics, environmental factors, and agricultural practices. Photoselective nets, which are designed to filter specific wavelengths of light, might impact fruit quality and phenolic content. This study aimed to assess the effects of photoselective nets on the antioxidant capacity and phenolic composition of three different apple cultivars grown under the same edaphoclimatic conditions. Five nets were selected. Fruits grown under the nets were compared with unprotected fruits. Antioxidant capacity was evaluated, and phenolic profiles were established by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography coupled with Time of Flight-Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-ToF-MS). The results demonstrate a significant impact of the nets on the phenolic composition and antioxidant activities of apples. Different net colors had distinct effects on the accumulation of phenolic compounds, with some nets increasing flavonoid production and others reducing the levels of important phenolic acids. The gray and IRIDIUM Red nets enhanced the production of quercetin and its derivatives, while chlorogenic acid showed a general decline under net-covered conditions, indicating a possible dependence on direct sunlight. The responses were also cultivar-dependent, with apples showing the largest reductions in phenolic compounds when protected by nets. Antioxidant assays also confirmed that the nets influenced the antioxidant potential of apples in a cultivar-dependent manner. These findings suggest that the retention of bioactive compounds in fruits might be strategically managed by selecting appropriate net materials for specific cultivars.
苹果中的酚类化合物具有显著的健康益处，包括抗氧化和抗炎特性。苹果中的酚类成分和含量受遗传、环境因素及农业实践的影响。旨在过滤特定波长光线的光选择性网可能会影响果实品质和酚类含量。本研究旨在评估光选择性网对在相同土壤气候条件下种植的三种不同苹果品种的抗氧化能力和酚类成分的影响。选择了五种网。将网下种植的果实与未受保护的果实进行比较。评估了抗氧化能力，并通过超高效液相色谱-飞行时间质谱联用（UHPLC-ToF-MS）建立了酚类成分谱。结果表明，这些网对苹果的酚类成分和抗氧化活性有显著影响。不同颜色的网对酚类化合物的积累有不同影响，一些网增加了类黄酮的产量，而另一些网则降低了重要酚酸的含量。灰色网和铱红色网提高了槲皮素及其衍生物的产量，而绿原酸在网覆盖条件下总体呈下降趋势，表明可能依赖直射阳光。这些反应也因品种而异，[品种名称]苹果在网保护下酚类化合物减少最多。抗氧化分析也证实，这些网以品种依赖的方式影响苹果的抗氧化潜力。这些发现表明，通过为特定品种选择合适的网材料，可以策略性地管理果实中生物活性化合物的保留。
