Tuani Yayra T, Ayon Navid J, Onjiko Rosemary M, Choi Sam B, Yadav Shruti, Eleftherianos Ioannis, Nemes Peter
Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, University of Maryland, College Park, MD 20742, USA.
Department of Chemistry, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20052, USA.
Molecules. 2025 May 1;30(9):2023. doi: 10.3390/molecules30092023.
is broadly used to model host-pathogen interactions. Entomopathogenic nematodes are excellent research tools for dissecting the molecular and functional basis of parasitism and the host's anti-parasitic response. In this work, we used discovery metabolomics to explore the differences in the metabolome composition of wild type larvae that were infected with symbiotic nematodes ( carrying mutualistic bacteria) or axenic nematodes ( lacking their bacterial partners). Benefiting from their high separation power, sensitivity, and compatibility with low amounts of the starting metabolome, we leveraged microanalytical capillary electrophoresis electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (CE-ESI-MS) to profile the small (<500 Da) polar portion of the metabolome among these experimental treatments. We detected and quantified 122 different small molecules, of which 50 were identified with high confidence. Supervised multivariate analysis revealed that the infection was paralleled with changes in amino acid biosynthesis (arginine, phenylalanine, tryptophan, and tyrosine), metabolism (alanine, arginine, aspartate, glutamate, glycine, proline, serine, and threonine), and classical signalling (aspartate, γ-aminobutyrate, glutamate, and pyridoxine). This study demonstrates the ability of high-sensitivity CE-ESI-MS to uncover metabolic perturbations during infection. The results from the metadata may facilitate the design of targeted studies to explore small biomolecules and their functions during host-pathogen interaction.
广泛用于模拟宿主-病原体相互作用。昆虫病原线虫是剖析寄生作用的分子和功能基础以及宿主抗寄生反应的优秀研究工具。在这项工作中，我们使用发现代谢组学来探索感染了共生线虫（携带共生细菌）或无菌线虫（缺乏其细菌伙伴）的野生型幼虫代谢组组成的差异。受益于其高分离能力、灵敏度以及与少量起始代谢组的兼容性，我们利用微分析毛细管电泳电喷雾电离质谱（CE-ESI-MS）对这些实验处理中代谢组的小（<500 Da）极性部分进行了分析。我们检测并定量了122种不同的小分子，其中50种得到了高度可靠的鉴定。监督多变量分析表明，感染与氨基酸生物合成（精氨酸、苯丙氨酸、色氨酸和酪氨酸）、代谢（丙氨酸、精氨酸、天冬氨酸、谷氨酸、甘氨酸、脯氨酸、丝氨酸和苏氨酸）以及经典信号传导（天冬氨酸、γ-氨基丁酸、谷氨酸和吡哆醇）的变化平行。这项研究证明了高灵敏度CE-ESI-MS揭示感染期间代谢扰动的能力。元数据的结果可能有助于设计针对性研究，以探索宿主-病原体相互作用期间的小生物分子及其功能。
