Tang Haiying, Zhou Junlin, Liu Ning, Huang Yao, Liu Qin, Altihani Faizah Amer, Yang Binjuan
School of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Hunan University of Humanities, Science and Technology, Loudi 417000, China.
Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology, Ecology and Genetic Breeding, Ecological Science Research Center, Jiangxi Agricultural University, Nanchang 330045, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Apr 24;14(9):1292. doi: 10.3390/plants14091292.
To explore the characteristics of soil microbial community structure diversity for different planting patterns in paddy fields, and to screen out the planting patterns suitable for the promotion of double-cropping rice areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, five typical planting patterns were set up in this study. The five patterns are Chinese milk vetch-early rice-late rice (CRR, CK), Chinese milk vetch-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (CRI), rapeseed-early rice-late rice (RRR), rapeseed-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (RRI) and potato-early rice-late rice (PRR). The variation characteristics of soil microbial community structure diversity and the correlation between soil environmental factors and soil microbial community structure diversity under the triple-cropping system in the double-cropping rice area of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River were studied by 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing and real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The results showed that after two years of experiment, the pH values of each treatment increased, and the rapeseed-early rice-late rice (RRR) model performed better. The soil organic matter and total nitrogen content of the milk vetch-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (CRI) model was the highest, which increased by 7.8935.02% and 6.5926.80% compared with other treatments. The content of soil available phosphorus and available potassium in the potato-early rice-late rice (PRR) model was higher than that in other treatments, which was increased by 29.48% and 126.49% compared with the control. The Chinese milk vetch-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (CRI) and rapeseed-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (RRI) models were beneficial to increasing soil nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen content. Chinese milk vetch-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (CRI) and rapeseed-early rice-late rice (RRR) patterns were beneficial for improving the microbial diversity index. , , and are the top three dominant phyla in terms of the relative abundance of soil bacteria, and the top three dominant fungi are , , and . The Chinese milk vetch-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (CRI) and rapeseed-early rice-sweet potato || late soybean (RRI) patterns increased the relative abundance of soil and . The contents of ammonium nitrogen, total organic carbon, nitrate nitrogen, and available phosphorus were the main environmental factors affecting soil microbial community structure. The findings can provide references for screening out the planting patterns suitable for the promotion of double-cropping rice areas in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River.
为探究稻田不同种植模式下土壤微生物群落结构多样性特征，筛选出适合长江中游双季稻区推广的种植模式，本研究设置了5种典型种植模式。这5种模式分别是紫云英-早稻-晚稻（CRR，CK）、紫云英-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（CRI）、油菜-早稻-晚稻（RRR）、油菜-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（RRI）和马铃薯-早稻-晚稻（PRR）。通过16S rRNA高通量测序和实时荧光定量聚合酶链反应（PCR），研究长江中游双季稻区三熟制下土壤微生物群落结构多样性的变化特征以及土壤环境因子与土壤微生物群落结构多样性之间的相关性。结果表明，经过两年试验，各处理pH值均升高，油菜-早稻-晚稻（RRR）模式表现较好。紫云英-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（CRI）模式的土壤有机质和全氮含量最高，与其他处理相比分别增加了7.89%35.02%和6.59%26.80%。马铃薯-早稻-晚稻（PRR）模式的土壤有效磷和速效钾含量高于其他处理，与对照相比分别增加了29.48%和126.49%。紫云英-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（CRI）和油菜-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（RRI）模式有利于提高土壤硝态氮和铵态氮含量。紫云英-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（CRI）和油菜-早稻-晚稻（RRR）模式有利于提高微生物多样性指数。在土壤细菌相对丰度方面， 、 、 是前三大优势菌门，在真菌方面，前三大优势菌门是 、 、 。紫云英-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（CRI）和油菜-早稻-甘薯||晚大豆（RRI）模式提高了土壤 和 的相对丰度。铵态氮、总有机碳、硝态氮和有效磷含量是影响土壤微生物群落结构的主要环境因子。研究结果可为筛选适合长江中游双季稻区推广的种植模式提供参考。
