2020 - 2022年巴西阿雷格里港初级保健中黑人的艾滋病毒流行率及与艾滋病毒阳性相关的因素：一项横断面研究
HIV prevalence and factors associated with HIV positivity among Black people in primary care in Porto Alegre, Brazil, 2020-2022: a cross-sectional study.
作者信息
Brito Emerson Silveira de, Teixeira Marsam Alves de, Martins Rafael Steffens, Pinheiro Ben Hur Graboski, Rocha Ana Carolina Monteiro da, Oliveira Cáren Nunes de, Paula Thayane Fraga de, Dornelles Thayane Martins
机构信息
Universidade Federal de Ciências da Saúde, Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências da Saúde, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Afya Educação Médica, Diretoria de Pós-Graduação Médica, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
出版信息
Epidemiol Serv Saude. 2025 May 12;34:e20240014. doi: 10.1590/S2237-96222025v34e20240014.en. eCollection 2025.
OBJECTIVE
To examine HIV prevalence among primary care service users and to investigate factors associated with positive HIV test results among Black people.
METHODS
This was a cross-sectional study with data from rapid HIV testing performed in health centers in Porto Alegre-RS, Brazil. Sociodemographic differences according to race/skin color and HIV test result were analyzed using the Chi-square test and Poisson regression with robust variance.
RESULTS
Out of 92,345 people tested, 38% were Black, with 3.4% HIV prevalence. Among Black people the following were associated with higher HIV prevalence ratios (PR): being male (PR 1.62; 95% confidence interval [95%CI] 1.41; 1.85), having elementary education (PR 1.69; 95%CI 1.27; 2.24), having tuberculosis (PR 1.76; 95%CI 1.22; 2.54) and being a street dweller (PR 1.75; 95%CI 1.41; 2.18).
CONCLUSION
Black people, especially Black men with lower education levels, tuberculosis and street dwellers, have higher HIV prevalence, requiring greater attention from prevention strategies and testing for sexually transmitted infections.
目的
调查初级保健服务使用者中的艾滋病毒流行情况，并探究与黑人艾滋病毒检测呈阳性结果相关的因素。
方法
这是一项横断面研究，采用了巴西阿雷格里港卫生中心进行的艾滋病毒快速检测数据。根据种族/肤色和艾滋病毒检测结果分析社会人口统计学差异，使用卡方检验和具有稳健方差的泊松回归分析。
结果
在92345名接受检测的人中，38%为黑人，艾滋病毒流行率为3.4%。在黑人中，以下因素与较高的艾滋病毒流行率比值（PR）相关：男性（PR 1.62；95%置信区间[95%CI] 1.41；1.85）、接受小学教育（PR 1.69；95%CI 1.27；2.24）、患有结核病（PR 1.76；95%CI 1.22；2.54）以及为街头居民（PR 1.75；95%CI 1.41；2.18）。
结论
黑人，尤其是教育程度较低、患有结核病的黑人男性和街头居民，艾滋病毒流行率较高，预防策略和性传播感染检测需要给予更多关注。
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