Soans Joyce Sangeetha, Noronha Judith Angelitta, Mundkur Suneel C, Nayak Baby S, Garg Meenakshi, Jathanna Roshan David, Mathias Edlin Glane
Department of OBG Nursing, Manipal College of Nursing, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
Department of Paediatrics, Katurba Medical College, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, India.
BMC Nutr. 2025 May 14;11(1):96. doi: 10.1186/s40795-025-01079-1.
Anaemia is a significant global health issue, with adolescents being a particularly vulnerable group. In developing countries, 27% of adolescents are affected by anaemia, compared to a much lower prevalence of 6% in developed countries. This scoping review aims to investigate the intake of junk food and the development of anaemia, providing a foundation for future research in this field.
A systematic search was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, EBSCO, CINHAL, WOS and ProQuest using specific keywords. Inclusion criteria comprised all quantitative studies examining the association between nutrition and the development of anaemia. Articles selected for analysis were restricted to those published in English Language between 2014-2024 and available as full-text articles.
Among the articles that were screened, 20 articles met the criteria for data extraction. Four studies did not reveal statistically significant correlations between nutrition and the development of anaemia, while two studies provided evidence for significant associations. The findings indicated increased anaemia was associated with (a) fast food intake, western pattern of diet, poor eating habits, omission of breakfast and (b) diminished consumption of fruits and vegetables, iron intake, seafood, nuts, and seeds.
The existing evidence suggests a link between the consumption of junk food and the prevalence of anaemia among adolescents. However, there is a lack of comprehensive studies that thoroughly explore this connection. This gap in research underscores the urgent need for more in-depth studies to understand how modifiable risk factors like junk food consumption contribute to anaemia in adolescents, with the goal of improving prevention and management strategies. Addressing this issue aligns with Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 3, which aims to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages, which focuses on ending preventable deaths of children and addressing adolescent health. Additionally, this research also contributes to end hunger, achieve food security, and improve nutrition.
贫血是一个重大的全球健康问题，青少年是特别易受影响的群体。在发展中国家，27%的青少年受贫血影响，而在发达国家这一患病率则低得多，为6%。本综述旨在调查垃圾食品的摄入量与贫血的发生情况，为该领域的未来研究奠定基础。
使用特定关键词在Scopus、PubMed、EBSCO、CINHAL、WOS和ProQuest数据库中进行系统检索。纳入标准包括所有检验营养与贫血发生之间关联的定量研究。选定进行分析的文章仅限于2014年至2024年期间以英文发表且可获取全文的文章。
在筛选的文章中，有20篇文章符合数据提取标准。四项研究未发现营养与贫血发生之间存在统计学上的显著相关性，而两项研究提供了显著关联的证据。研究结果表明，贫血增加与以下因素有关：（a）快餐摄入量、西方饮食模式、不良饮食习惯、不吃早餐；（b）水果和蔬菜、铁摄入量、海鲜、坚果及种子的消费量减少。
现有证据表明垃圾食品消费与青少年贫血患病率之间存在关联。然而，缺乏全面深入探究这种联系的研究。这一研究空白凸显了迫切需要开展更深入的研究，以了解像垃圾食品消费这样的可改变风险因素如何导致青少年贫血，从而改进预防和管理策略。解决这一问题符合可持续发展目标（SDG）3，该目标旨在确保所有人在所有年龄段都享有健康生活并促进福祉，重点是消除儿童可预防的死亡并解决青少年健康问题。此外，本研究还有助于消除饥饿、实现粮食安全并改善营养状况。
