Suzuki Tomoya, Tanizawa Takashi, Suzuki Nobuo, Tojo Koji
Department of Biology, Tomoya Faculty of Science, Shinshu University, Nagano, Japan.
Faculty of Human Environmental Studies, Hiroshima Shudo University, Hiroshima, Japan.
J Morphol. 2025 May;286(5):e70052. doi: 10.1002/jmor.70052.
The order Hemiptera s. lat. (=Homoptera + Heteroptera), comprising approximately 140 families and 70,000 species, is the largest order among hemimetabolous insects in terms of species diversity. A key trait shared among these insects is their specialized piercing-sucking mouthparts, which have been considered an important factor in their diversification. However, knowledge of how these characteristic hemipteran mouthparts form during embryogenesis remains limited and biased toward model species. In this study, we observed the embryonic development of the heteropteran insect Appasus japonicus (Belostomatidae). We divided its embryonic development into 10 stages and provided a detailed description. Additionally, we examined its developmental processes and compared them with the embryogenesis of closely related groups. As a result, we confirmed that (1) the maxillary plate, one of the structures forming the heteropteran mouthparts, is homologous to the maxillary palp, and (2) most parts of the stylet-like mandibles and maxillae are housed within the labial palp.
半翅目广义（=同翅目+异翅目）包含约140个科和70000个物种，就物种多样性而言，是半变态昆虫中最大的目。这些昆虫共有的一个关键特征是它们特化的刺吸式口器，这被认为是它们多样化的一个重要因素。然而，关于这些典型半翅目口器在胚胎发育过程中如何形成的知识仍然有限，且偏向于模式物种。在本研究中，我们观察了异翅目昆虫日本负蝽（负蝽科）的胚胎发育。我们将其胚胎发育分为10个阶段并进行了详细描述。此外，我们研究了其发育过程，并将其与近缘类群的胚胎发生进行了比较。结果，我们证实：（1）构成异翅目口器的结构之一上颚板与上颚须同源，以及（2）针状下颚和上颚的大部分部分容纳在唇须内。
