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前交叉韧带损伤前后精英运动员的反向运动跳跃动力学损伤:力-时间波形与离散动力学分析

Countermovement Jump Kinetic Impairments in Elite Athletes Before and After ACL Injury: Force-Time Waveform Versus Discrete Kinetic Analysis.

作者信息

de França Cassidy, Jordan Matthew J, Botha Tanita, Bayne Helen

机构信息

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, Gauteng, South Africa.

Intergrative Neuromuscular Sport Performance Lab, Faculty of Kinesiology, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

出版信息

Transl Sports Med. 2025 May 7;2025:1176787. doi: 10.1155/tsm2/1176787. eCollection 2025.

Abstract

Pre-injury and post-injury countermovement jump (CMJ) force-time data were obtained for elite athletes 6 months after anterior cruciate ligament surgery (ACLR). Jump kinetics were analysed using a traditional phase-specific approach, and force-time data of the CMJ waveform were analysed using statistical parametric mapping (SPM). Elite athletes ( = 10; female  = 6, age = 22.0 ± 3.5 years, mass = 75.9 ± 11.5 kg) performed CMJ testing before (T0) and after ACLR (T1; 24 ± 3 weeks post-surgery). Differences in discrete and continuous metrics were analysed for (1) within-limb differences between T1 and T0 and (2) between-limb differences at T1 and T0. Lower involved limb propulsive impulse (T1: 6.4 ± 1.6 N∙s/kg; T0: 7.7 ± 1.4 N∙s/kg, = 0.002) and peak force (T1: 6.4 ± 1.6 N/kg; T0: 7.7 ± 1.4 N/kg, = 0.002) were found after ACLR compared to baseline. After ACLR (T1), lower involved limb propulsive impulse was found compared to the uninvolved limb (involved: 1.26 ± 0.54 N∙s/kg; uninvolved: 1.58 ± 0.56 N∙s/kg, = 0.007). SPM analysis revealed specific within-limb force loss, notably reduced involved limb propulsion force at T1 compared to pre-injury at T0 ( < 0.001) between 92% and 99% of the CMJ (end of propulsion) and between 36% and 37% of the CMJ (i.e., late unweighting to braking phase transition). SPM analysis revealed within-limb CMJ force loss that was not seen with the discrete analysis, highlighting the complementary value of SPM waveform analysis alongside discrete analysis to identify neuromuscular impairments in stretch-shortening-cycle function in elite athletes after ACLR.

摘要

在10名精英运动员前交叉韧带重建手术(ACLR)6个月后,获取其受伤前和受伤后的反向移动跳(CMJ)力-时间数据。采用传统的阶段特异性方法分析跳跃动力学,并使用统计参数映射(SPM)分析CMJ波形的力-时间数据。精英运动员(n = 10;女性 = 6,年龄 = 22.0 ± 3.5岁,体重 = 75.9 ± 11.5 kg)在ACLR前(T0)和ACLR后(T1;术后24 ± 3周)进行CMJ测试。分析了(1)T1和T0之间的肢体内部差异以及(2)T1和T0时的肢体间差异的离散和连续指标。与基线相比,ACLR后受累下肢的推进冲量较低(T1:6.4 ± 1.6 N∙s/kg;T0:7.7 ± 1.4 N∙s/kg,p = 0.002)和峰值力较低(T1:6.4 ± 1.6 N/kg;T0:7.7 ± 1.4 N/kg,p = 0.002)。ACLR后(T1),与未受累下肢相比,受累下肢的推进冲量较低(受累:1.26 ± 0.54 N∙s/kg;未受累:1.58 ± 0.56 N∙s/kg,p = 0.007)。SPM分析揭示了特定的肢体内部力损失,特别是与T0时受伤前相比,T1时受累下肢的推进力在CMJ的92%至99%(推进结束)以及CMJ的36%至37%(即从后期失重到制动阶段过渡)之间降低(p < 0.001)。SPM分析揭示了肢体内部CMJ力损失,这在离散分析中未观察到,突出了SPM波形分析与离散分析相结合在识别ACLR后精英运动员拉伸-缩短周期功能中的神经肌肉损伤方面的互补价值。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/4d0c/12077975/d34fbf814c28/TSMED2025-1176787.001.jpg

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