Brindisino Fabrizio, Rizzo Valentina, Dejaco Beate, Andriesse Arianna, Verardo Angela, Turolla Andrea
Department of Medicine and Health Science "Vincenzo Tiberio", University of Molise, Campobasso, Italy.
Department of Biomedical and Biotechnological Sciences, University of Catania, Catania, Italy.
Shoulder Elbow. 2025 May 11:17585732251338652. doi: 10.1177/17585732251338652.
Catastrophizing, mood disturbances, and low perceived social support are frequently reported in individuals with frozen shoulder (FS). This study aimed to investigate the associations between pain, perceived stiffness, mood, catastrophizing, and perceived social support in individuals with FS.
This cross-sectional exploratory online survey adhered to the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Participants clinically diagnosed with FS based on Kelley's criteria completed the questionnaire via Google Forms.
Higher daytime pain was significantly associated with feelings of anger ( = 0.025) and sadness ( = 0.031). Catastrophizing thoughts, for example, "I will not be able to raise my arms as before," were correlated with increased daytime pain ( = 0.039), while "the pain will never end" was associated with both daytime ( = 0.007) and night-time pain ( < 0.001). Perceptions of low social support, for example, "nobody understands my situation" were linked to higher daytime pain ( = 0.007), and greater night-time pain ( < 0.05). Perceived stiffness was significantly associated with seeking psychological support during episodes of demoralization ( = 0.029).
Psychological factors significantly influence pain and stiffness perceptions in FS, emphasizing the need for clinicians to address both physical and emotional aspects of recovery. A multidisciplinary approach should therefore be considered to provide comprehensive care.
冻结肩（FS）患者经常报告有灾难化思维、情绪障碍和低感知社会支持。本研究旨在调查FS患者的疼痛、感知僵硬、情绪、灾难化思维和感知社会支持之间的关联。
这项横断面探索性在线调查遵循了加强流行病学观察性研究报告（STROBE）指南。根据凯利标准临床诊断为FS的参与者通过谷歌表单完成问卷。
较高的日间疼痛与愤怒情绪（=0.025）和悲伤情绪（=0.031）显著相关。灾难化思维，例如“我将无法像以前那样抬起手臂”，与日间疼痛增加相关（=0.039），而“疼痛永远不会结束”与日间疼痛（=0.007）和夜间疼痛均相关（<0.001）。低社会支持的认知，例如“没有人理解我的情况”，与较高的日间疼痛（=0.007）和更严重的夜间疼痛相关（<0.05）。感知僵硬与在士气低落发作期间寻求心理支持显著相关（=0.029）。
心理因素显著影响FS患者对疼痛和僵硬的感知，强调临床医生需要关注康复的身体和情感方面。因此，应考虑采用多学科方法提供全面护理。
