Balasch-Bernat Mercè, Dueñas Lirios, Aguilar-Rodríguez Marta, Falla Deborah, Schneebeli Alessandro, Navarro-Bosch Marta, Lluch Enrique, Barbero Marco
Physiotherapy in Motion, Multi-speciality Research Group (PTinMOTION), Department of Physiotherapy, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain.
Centre of Precision Rehabilitation for Spinal Pain (CPR Spine), School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK.
J Clin Med. 2021 Dec 28;11(1):154. doi: 10.3390/jcm11010154.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to explore the spatial extent of pain and its association with clinical symptoms, psychological features, and pain sensitization in people with frozen shoulder (FS). Forty-eight individuals with FS completed pain drawings (PDs) and reported their clinical symptoms including pain intensity (Visual Analogue Scale) and shoulder disability (Shoulder Pain and Disability Index). Moreover, pain sensitization measurements (pressure pain thresholds, temporal summation, conditioned pain modulation, and Central Sensitization Inventory (CSI)) were assessed. Psychological features were assessed by Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and Pain Vigilance and Awareness Questionnaire. Pain frequency maps were generated, Margolis rating scale was used for pain location, and Spearman correlation coefficients were computed. The mean (SD) pain extent was 12.5% (6.7%) and the most common painful area was the anterolateral shoulder region (100%). Women presented a more widespread pain distribution compared with men. Significant positive associations were obtained between pain extent and current pain intensity (rs = 0.421, < 0.01), PCS (rs = 0.307, < 0.05) and CSI (rs = 0.358, < 0.05). The anterolateral region of the shoulder was the most common painful area in people with FS. Women with FS presented more extended areas of pain; and a more widespread distribution of pain was correlated with higher levels of pain, pain catastrophizing and pain sensitization.
这项横断面研究的目的是探讨肩周炎（FS）患者疼痛的空间范围及其与临床症状、心理特征和疼痛敏化的关联。48名FS患者完成了疼痛绘图（PDs），并报告了他们的临床症状，包括疼痛强度（视觉模拟量表）和肩部功能障碍（肩部疼痛和功能障碍指数）。此外，还评估了疼痛敏化测量指标（压痛阈值、时间总和、条件性疼痛调制和中枢敏化量表（CSI））。心理特征通过疼痛灾难化量表（PCS）和疼痛警觉与意识问卷进行评估。生成了疼痛频率图，使用马戈利斯评分量表确定疼痛部位，并计算了斯皮尔曼相关系数。平均（标准差）疼痛范围为12.5%（6.7%），最常见的疼痛区域是肩部前外侧区域（100%）。与男性相比，女性的疼痛分布更广泛。疼痛范围与当前疼痛强度（rs = 0.421，<0.01）、PCS（rs = 0.307，<0.05）和CSI（rs = 0.358，<0.05）之间存在显著正相关。肩部前外侧区域是FS患者最常见的疼痛区域。FS女性患者的疼痛区域更广泛；疼痛分布越广泛与更高水平的疼痛、疼痛灾难化和疼痛敏化相关。
