Zhang Keming, Sun Jianqin, Han Mingming, Diao Yingfei, Xia Yan, Yang Congqing, Robinson Stephen R
First Teaching Hospital of Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China.
Huadong Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
J Nutr Health Aging. 2025 May 14;29(7):100579. doi: 10.1016/j.jnha.2025.100579.
To determine whether the regular consumption of milk free from A1 β-casein (A1PF milk) improves cognitive performance to a greater extent than conventional milk, and if so, whether such improvements are associated with an increase in the serum titres of reduced glutathione (GSH).
A multi-centre, double-blind, randomised controlled trial with two parallel arms, conducted from 7 March 2023 to 13 October 2023.
Two hospitals in Tianjin, China.
Volunteers (N = 96) diagnosed with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and aged between 65 and 75 years.
A1PF skim milk powder or conventional skim milk powder, diluted into liquid form (200 mL) and consumed twice daily for 90 days.
The primary outcomes were cognitive performance (assessed with the Subtle Cognitive Impairment Test [SCIT]) and serum titres of GSH. Secondary outcomes included performance on two other cognitive tests, serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, subjective quality of life (QoL), muscle strength (hand grip scale), faecal and blood inflammatory markers.
Data from 91 participants were analysed (A1PF milk group: n = 45; conventional milk group: n = 46). A1PF milk improved performance on all three cognitive tests to a greater extent than conventional milk; however, this improvement was not associated with an increase in serum GSH. When compared with conventional milk, A1PF milk resulted in higher increases in serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, greater subjective improvements in QoL and improved left hand grip strength. There were no between-group differences in inflammatory markers, calcium absorption or bone density markers.
Daily intake of A1PF milk for 90 days significantly improved cognition, QoL and muscle strength in a sample of older people with MCI. While these outcomes appear to be linked to increased serum titres of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3, further investigations are needed to confirm this association.
NCT05741047 (clinicaltrials.gov).
确定经常饮用不含A1β-酪蛋白的牛奶（A1PF牛奶）是否比传统牛奶能更大程度地改善认知能力，如果是，这种改善是否与血清中还原型谷胱甘肽（GSH）水平的升高有关。
一项多中心、双盲、随机对照试验，有两个平行组，于2023年3月7日至2023年10月13日进行。
中国天津的两家医院。
96名被诊断为轻度认知障碍（MCI）且年龄在65至75岁之间的志愿者。
将A1PF脱脂奶粉或传统脱脂奶粉稀释成液体形式（200毫升），每天饮用两次，持续90天。
主要结局是认知能力（用轻微认知障碍测试[SCIT]评估）和血清GSH水平。次要结局包括另外两项认知测试的表现、血清25-羟基维生素D3水平、主观生活质量（QoL）、肌肉力量（握力量表）、粪便和血液炎症标志物。
对91名参与者的数据进行了分析（A1PF牛奶组：n = 45；传统牛奶组：n = 46）。A1PF牛奶在所有三项认知测试中的表现改善程度均大于传统牛奶；然而，这种改善与血清GSH的增加无关。与传统牛奶相比，A1PF牛奶使血清25-羟基维生素D3水平升高幅度更大，主观生活质量改善更明显，左手握力增强。炎症标志物、钙吸收或骨密度标志物在组间没有差异。
在一组患有MCI的老年人样本中，每天摄入A1PF牛奶90天可显著改善认知、生活质量和肌肉力量。虽然这些结果似乎与血清25-羟基维生素D3水平升高有关，但需要进一步研究来证实这种关联。
NCT05741047（clinicaltrials.gov）。
