Dai Rui, Chen Qi, Wang Xiao-Yu, Huo Xiao-Wei, Li Jian-Wei, An Jiang-Bo, Mi Fu-Gui, Shi Feng-Ling, Zhang Zhi-Qiang
College of Grassland Science, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, Hohhot, 010010, China.
Key Laboratory of Grassland Resources, Ministry of Education, Inner Mongolia Agricultural University, Hohhot, 010010, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 15;15(1):16956. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01227-4.
Alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) is an important legume forage known for its high yield, quality, and adaptability. However, due to its cross-pollination and tetraploid inheritance characteristics, biotechnologies such as genetic modification and gene editing are challenging to be utilized in the practice of alfalfa breeding. In this study, a MsJAR1 gene involved in jasmonic acid (JA)pathway was overexpressed into 'Zhongmu No.1' alfalfa, and the effects of MsJAR1 gene on alfalfa development were analyzed. Subcellular localization results indicated that the MsJAR1 protein was located to chloroplast. Compared to wildtype (WT), MsJAR1 overexpressed alfalfa plants displayed smaller leaves, reduced internode distance, increased lateral branches and plant height. Moreover, anatomical analysis revealed that xylem and phloem area decreased in leaves but increased in stems of MsJAR1 overexpressed alfalfa. Except intercellular CO₂, photosynthetic rates, stomatal conductance, and transpiration were significantly higher than in MsJAR1 overexpressed alfalfa. Comparative transcriptomics results showed that 12,046 DEGs were identified between transgenic alfalfa (OE-1 and OE-2) and WT. The DEGs were significantly enriched in ribosome, glycolysis / gluconeogenesis and tricarboxylic acid cycle pathways. Therefore, it is speculated that the MsJAR1 gene affects the growth and development of alfalfa by regulating photosynthesis-related pathways.
紫花苜蓿（Medicago sativa L.）是一种重要的豆科牧草，以其高产、优质和适应性强而闻名。然而，由于其异花授粉和四倍体遗传特性，基因改造和基因编辑等生物技术在紫花苜蓿育种实践中的应用具有挑战性。在本研究中，将参与茉莉酸（JA）途径的MsJAR1基因过表达导入‘中苜一号’紫花苜蓿中，并分析了MsJAR1基因对紫花苜蓿发育的影响。亚细胞定位结果表明，MsJAR1蛋白定位于叶绿体。与野生型（WT）相比，MsJAR1过表达的紫花苜蓿植株叶片较小，节间距离缩短，侧枝和株高增加。此外，解剖学分析表明，MsJAR1过表达的紫花苜蓿叶片中的木质部和韧皮部面积减小，但茎中的面积增加。除细胞间CO₂外，MsJAR1过表达的紫花苜蓿的光合速率、气孔导度和蒸腾作用均显著高于野生型。比较转录组学结果显示，在转基因紫花苜蓿（OE-1和OE-2）与WT之间鉴定出12046个差异表达基因（DEG）。这些DEG在核糖体、糖酵解/糖异生和三羧酸循环途径中显著富集。因此，推测MsJAR1基因通过调节光合作用相关途径影响紫花苜蓿的生长发育。
