Li Xin-Xin, Gao Yue-Hao, Ma Hao-Wen, Wang Yu-Qiong, Bu Tian, Yin Weilun, Xia Xinli, Wang Hou-Ling
State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, College of Biological Sciences and Technology, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, People's Republic of China.
Plant Mol Biol. 2025 May 16;115(3):67. doi: 10.1007/s11103-025-01594-6.
Gene delivery systems are essential for investigating gene regulation mechanisms and enhancing the genetic improvement of functional traits in plants. However, fewer than 0.1% of higher plant species on Earth can be genetically modified. Even for these species, the genetic modification process relies on complex tissue culture methods, which are time-consuming, costly, and often require specialized technical skills. Additionally, the efficiency of genetic modification is extremely low in some species. Notably, over the past five years, significant progress has been made in establishing non-tissue culture genetic modification systems. This advancement effectively resolved a series of previously mentioned challenges and innovated in biotechnology for the improvement of many valuable plant species. This review summarizes the research advancements in non-tissue culture genetic modification technologies and presents examples of successful species modified using various methods, including fast-treated Agrobacterium co-culture (Fast-TrACC), cut-dip-budding (CDB), particle bombardment, and nano-mediated delivery systems. Additionally, we propose a working guideline to classify, analyze, evaluate, and select non-tissue culture genetic modification systems for plant species of interest. Our review also discusses the potential for enhancing plant regeneration capacity, improving genetic modification efficiency, and the future application prospects for plant improvement.
基因传递系统对于研究基因调控机制以及加强植物功能性状的遗传改良至关重要。然而，地球上能够进行基因改造的高等植物物种不到0.1%。即便对于这些物种而言，基因改造过程依赖于复杂的组织培养方法，这些方法既耗时又昂贵，而且通常需要专业技术技能。此外，在某些物种中基因改造的效率极低。值得注意的是，在过去五年里，在建立非组织培养基因改造系统方面取得了重大进展。这一进展有效解决了一系列上述挑战，并在生物技术方面进行了创新，以改良许多有价值的植物物种。本综述总结了非组织培养基因改造技术的研究进展，并列举了使用各种方法成功改造的物种实例，包括快速处理农杆菌共培养（Fast-TrACC）、切割浸芽法（CDB）、粒子轰击和纳米介导传递系统。此外，我们提出了一个工作指南，用于对感兴趣的植物物种的非组织培养基因改造系统进行分类、分析、评估和选择。我们的综述还讨论了提高植物再生能力、提高基因改造效率的潜力以及植物改良的未来应用前景。
