Ye He, Zhao Yang, Li Lian, Qian Yi, Zhu Hangjie, Bian Guolin, Liu Liya
School of Public Health, Ningbo University Health Science Center, Ningbo, Zhejiang, China.
Department of Biostatistics, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
BMJ Open. 2025 May 15;15(5):e091188. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2024-091188.
Electronic health records (EHR) passively generate large datasets on real-world patient populations in easily retrievable form, allowing the cost-efficient and timely execution of epidemiological cohorts on a broad array of topics. However, EHR-based cohorts specialising in mental disorders have not yet been reported. Ningbo has made significant achievements in healthcare data management in China. This study, relying on the Ningbo Mental Health Information System and the Ningbo Regional Health Information Platform, has established the Ningbo Schizophrenia Cohort (NSC), providing an exemplary study for cohort studies on schizophrenia.
This population-based ambispective cohort study included patients with schizophrenia aged 18-65 years at the time of diagnosis who were eligible for healthcare services in Ningbo, China. Participants were identified using the Ningbo Mental Health Information System between 1 January 2010, and 31 December 2023. Once an individual enters the NSC, they are followed up continuously until death or relocation. A total of 26 899 patients with schizophrenia are included in the NSC.
Among 26 899 patients, 55.4% were female and 53.1% had less than 7 years of education. Until 31 December 2023, 4505 deaths occurred, and 97.83% of patients had at least one electronic medical record. The median age at diagnosis for non-survivors (median (IQR): 40 (29-51) years) was higher than that of survivors (median (IQR): 34 (26-45) years).
The NSC will continue to collect longitudinal data to capture the full life cycle of schizophrenia, including pre-onset, diagnosis, follow-up, recovery or death. This will result in a continuous, complete and multidimensional EHR for patients with schizophrenia. Planned future research aims to generate new real-world evidence on the aetiology of schizophrenia, investigate comorbidities to facilitate co-management and develop predictive models for schizophrenia and related cardiovascular diseases.
NCT06370793.
电子健康记录（EHR）以易于检索的形式被动生成关于真实世界患者群体的大型数据集，使得能够以具有成本效益且及时的方式开展广泛主题的流行病学队列研究。然而，专门针对精神障碍的基于EHR的队列研究尚未见报道。宁波在中国的医疗数据管理方面取得了显著成就。本研究依托宁波市精神卫生信息系统和宁波区域健康信息平台，建立了宁波精神分裂症队列（NSC），为精神分裂症队列研究提供了一个范例。
这项基于人群的双向队列研究纳入了在诊断时年龄为18至65岁、符合中国宁波医疗服务条件的精神分裂症患者。2010年1月1日至2023年12月31日期间，通过宁波市精神卫生信息系统确定参与者。个体一旦进入NSC，便会持续随访直至死亡或迁移。NSC共纳入26899例精神分裂症患者。
在26899例患者中，55.4%为女性，53.1%接受教育年限不足7年。截至2023年12月31日，发生了4505例死亡，97.83%的患者至少有一份电子病历。非幸存者的诊断时中位年龄（中位数（四分位间距）：40（29 - 51）岁）高于幸存者（中位数（四分位间距）：34（26 - 45）岁）。
NSC将继续收集纵向数据，以涵盖精神分裂症的整个生命周期，包括发病前、诊断、随访、康复或死亡。这将为精神分裂症患者生成连续、完整且多维度的EHR。计划中的未来研究旨在生成关于精神分裂症病因的新的真实世界证据，调查合并症以促进共同管理，并开发精神分裂症及相关心血管疾病的预测模型。
NCT06370793。
