Guo Yunmei, Tang Zhonglan, Wang Qing, Wang LianHong
Nursing Department, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, China.
Nursing College, The Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 16;15(1):17079. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-01506-0.
This study aimed to investigate the status of body image among pregnant women and identify associated factors using latent profile analysis (LPA). This cross-sectional study was conducted using a convenience sample of 460 pregnant women in the gynecology outpatient clinic of a tertiary hospital in Zunyi between December 2023 and April 2024. Data on body image, demographic characteristics, quality of life, and E-health literacy were collected. Then, multiple stepwise linear regression was conducted to identify risk factors associated with level of maternal body image in the study participants. Lastly, latent profile analysis was used to classify participants based on their body image status. The results of the latent profile analysis revealed that 48% of participants exhibited high level body image dissatisfaction , 44.60% suffered from moderate level body image dissatisfaction , and the remaining 7.30% of patients had low levelbody image dissatisfaction . Additionally, significant differences were observed in scale scores and dimensions among the three categories (both p < 0.001). Finally, multiple regression analysis identified QOL (B = 0.65, p < 0.001), E-health literacy (B = 0.05, p < 0.05), and gestational age (B = -0.01, p < 0.05) as significant factors associated with body image among pregnant women. Body image dissatisfaction is highly prevalent among pregnant women in China. Thus, healthcare providers are recommended to prioritize addressing body image dissatisfaction and develop effective intervention strategies to improve the quality of life and e-health literacy of pregnant women.
本研究旨在调查孕妇的身体意象状况，并使用潜在剖面分析（LPA）确定相关因素。本横断面研究采用便利抽样法，选取了2023年12月至2024年4月期间遵义某三级医院妇科门诊的460名孕妇作为样本。收集了有关身体意象、人口统计学特征、生活质量和电子健康素养的数据。然后，进行多元逐步线性回归，以确定研究参与者中与孕产妇身体意象水平相关的风险因素。最后，使用潜在剖面分析根据参与者的身体意象状况对其进行分类。潜在剖面分析结果显示，48%的参与者表现出高水平的身体意象不满，44.60%的参与者存在中等水平的身体意象不满，其余7.30%的患者有低水平的身体意象不满。此外，在这三个类别之间，量表得分和维度存在显著差异（均p<0.001）。最后，多元回归分析确定生活质量（B = 0.65，p<0.001）、电子健康素养（B = 0.05，p<0.05）和孕周（B = -0.01，p<0.05）是与孕妇身体意象相关的重要因素。身体意象不满在中国孕妇中非常普遍。因此，建议医疗保健提供者优先解决身体意象不满问题，并制定有效的干预策略，以提高孕妇的生活质量和电子健康素养。
