Department of Child and Adolescent Studies, California State University, Fullerton, California, USA.
Fullerton Longitudinal Study, Fullerton, California, USA.
J Adolesc. 2023 Jul;95(5):933-946. doi: 10.1002/jad.12165. Epub 2023 Mar 28.
This study provides long-term evidence that profiles of temperament during adolescence are associated with happiness and health over two decades later.
Data are based on the ongoing Fullerton Longitudinal Study, a community-based sample in the United States. At 14 and 16 years, adolescents (N = 111; 52% male, 90% Euro-American) and their mothers (N = 105) completed the Dimensions of Temperament Survey-Revised, a scale designed specifically to assess adolescents' temperament across a set of attributes. When adolescents reached age 38 years in 2017, they completed scales measuring comprehensive happiness and global health.
Latent profile analysis (LPA), a person-centered approach, was conducted for adolescents' and for mothers' temperament ratings separately. Distinct two-profile solutions, labeled more regulated and less regulated, emerged for each informant. These were comparable in features across informants. Only the adolescents' self-rated profiles, controlling for sex and family SES, revealed a conceptually meaningful and statistically significant relation to the distal outcomes of health and happiness two decades later.
Adolescents with temperament profiles characterized as more regulated, in contrast to less regulated, reported being happier and healthier upon entering middle adulthood. Implications for intervention are presented.
本研究提供了长期证据，表明青少年时期的气质特征与二十年后的幸福感和健康状况有关。
数据基于正在进行的富勒顿纵向研究，这是美国一个基于社区的样本。在 14 岁和 16 岁时，青少年（N=111；52%为男性，90%为欧裔美国人）及其母亲（N=105）完成了维度气质调查修订版，这是一个专门设计用于评估青少年在一系列属性上的气质的量表。当青少年在 2017 年达到 38 岁时，他们完成了衡量综合幸福感和全球健康的量表。
潜在剖面分析（LPA），一种以人为中心的方法，分别对青少年和母亲的气质评分进行了分析。为每个信息提供者分别确定了两个独特的剖面解决方案，分别标记为更受调节和较少受调节。这些在特征上在信息提供者之间是可比的。只有青少年的自我评估剖面，控制了性别和家庭 SES，与二十年后健康和幸福的远程结果之间存在有意义和统计学意义的关系。
与较少受调节的气质特征相比，具有更受调节气质特征的青少年在进入中年时报告的幸福感和健康状况更高。提出了干预的意义。
