Paul Jibon Kumar, Azmal Mahir, Talukder Omar Faruk, Ghosh Ajit
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, 3114, Bangladesh.
J Gastrointest Cancer. 2025 May 17;56(1):121. doi: 10.1007/s12029-025-01238-4.
Statins have been appearing as a potential anti-cancer agent in numerous studies. The study aimed to unravel the impact of statins in pancreatic cancer in terms of reducing the occurrence (morbidity) and improving survival (mortality).
A comprehensive search of databases was carried out to collect the eligible studies up to July 2024. This meta-analysis evaluates two distinct questions: (1) whether statin use reduces the incidence of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) in the general population, and (2) whether statins improve survival among patients diagnosed with PDAC. In total, 39 studies were included in the meta-analysis, comprising 15 case-control studies, 20 cohort studies, three randomized controlled trials, and one non-randomized controlled trial. A generic inverse variance weighted random-effects model was applied to calculate the pooled risk ratio and 95% confidence intervals. Subgroup analyses were performed based on the availability of relevant information.
In the total meta-analysis, aggregated results demonstrated a substantial decrease in pancreatic cancer risk in all statin users (RR 0.94; 95% CIs, 0.90-0.97, and p-value = 0.0008). The pooled risk ratio estimate of lipophilic statins was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.87-1.07; P = 0.50; I = 0.0%). The estimated pooled risk ratios of long-term and short-term statin use were 0.80 (95% CI, 0.69-0.92; P = 0.002; I = 42%) and 0.86 (95% CI, 0.70-1.06; P = 0.15; I = 96%), respectively. For long-term and short-term follow-up, the risk ratios were 0.81 (95% CI, 0.70-0.94; P = 0.007; I = 55%) and 0.96 (95% CI, 0.90-1.02; P = 0.16; I = 26%), respectively. As for the studies collectively, heterogeneity was tested using the Cochrane chi square test (p-value = = 0.40, I = 4%). No publication bias was found.
The overall outcome of the study indicates that statins might lower the occurrence and increase the survival of PDAC patients.
在众多研究中，他汀类药物已成为一种潜在的抗癌药物。本研究旨在阐明他汀类药物对胰腺癌的影响，包括降低发病率（发病情况）和提高生存率（死亡率）。
对数据库进行全面检索，以收集截至2024年7月的符合条件的研究。这项荟萃分析评估两个不同的问题：（1）他汀类药物的使用是否会降低普通人群中胰腺导管腺癌（PDAC）的发病率，以及（2）他汀类药物是否能提高被诊断为PDAC的患者的生存率。荟萃分析共纳入39项研究，包括15项病例对照研究、20项队列研究、3项随机对照试验和1项非随机对照试验。应用通用的逆方差加权随机效应模型来计算合并风险比和95%置信区间。根据相关信息的可获得性进行亚组分析。
在总体荟萃分析中，汇总结果表明所有他汀类药物使用者的胰腺癌风险大幅降低（RR 0.94；95% CI，0.90 - 0.97，p值 = 0.0008）。亲脂性他汀类药物的合并风险比估计值为0.97（95% CI，0.87 - 1.07；P = 0.50；I = 0.0%）。长期和短期使用他汀类药物的估计合并风险比分别为0.80（95% CI，0.69 - 0.92；P = 0.002；I = 42%）和0.86（95% CI，0.70 - 1.06；P = 0.15；I = 96%）。对于长期和短期随访，风险比分别为0.81（95% CI，0.70 - 0.94；P = 0.007；I = 55%）和0.96（95% CI，0.90 - 1.02；P = 0.16；I = 26%）。对于所有研究，使用Cochrane卡方检验来检验异质性（p值 == 0.40，I = 4%）。未发现发表偏倚。
该研究的总体结果表明，他汀类药物可能会降低PDAC患者的发病率并提高其生存率。
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