沙特阿拉伯利雅得初级医疗保健机构中沙特人血压、胆固醇及心血管筛查的预测因素

Predictors of Blood Pressure, Cholesterol, and Cardiovascular Screening Among Saudis at Primary Healthcare Settings in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

作者信息

Alhawiti Naif M, Shubair Mamdouh M, Nasser Seema Mohammed, Alharthy Amani, Al-Khateeb Badr F, Othman Fatmah, Alshahrani Awad, Alnaim Lubna, Abukhamis Abdulmajeed Abdullah, Alwatban Noof, El-Metwally Ashraf

机构信息

Department of Clinical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, King Saud bin Abdulaziz University for Health Sciences, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Patient Prefer Adherence. 2025 May 13;19:1433-1447. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S516304. eCollection 2025.

DOI:10.2147/PPA.S516304

PMID:40386798

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC12085128/

Abstract

PURPOSE

This study was conducted to estimate proportion of individuals undergoing screening for cardiovascular disease (CVD) and its risk factors and to identify predictors of CVD, blood pressure, and blood cholesterol screening.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

This cross-sectional study was conducted in 48 primary healthcare centers in Saudi Arabia and 14,239 participants were enrolled. The analysis was performed in SPSS version 26 and adjusted odds ratios (AOR) and 95% Cis were reported.

RESULTS

Blood pressure screening was reported by 35.3%, cholesterol screening by 9.3%, and cardiovascular screening by 3.7%. Significant positive predictors for blood pressure screening included older age (50-75 years: AOR 1.34, 95% CI: 1.20-1.50; ≥75 years: AOR 2.12, 95% CI: 1.84-2.43), being married (AOR: 1.15; 95% CI: 1.04-1.27), non-smoking (AOR: 1.97; 95% CI: 1.79-2.17), physical activity (AOR: 1.16; 95% CI: 1.05-1.28), and diabetes (AOR: 2.14; 95% CI: 1.88-2.44). For cholesterol screening, significant positive predictors were older age (≥75 years: AOR 1.89, 95% CI: 1.56-2.29), unemployment (AOR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.10-1.45), insurance coverage (AOR: 1.52; 95% CI: 1.33-1.74), smoking (AOR: 1.32; 95% CI: 1.14-1.53), diabetes history (AOR: 1.33; 95% CI: 1.09-1.61), and hypertension (AOR: 1.66; 95% CI: 1.36-2.02). For cardiovascular screening, significant positive predictors included older age (≥75 years: AOR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.35-2.43), unemployment (AOR: 1.53; 95% CI: 1.24-1.88), insurance coverage (AOR: 1.56; 95% CI: 1.27-1.92), smoking (AOR: 1.89; 95% CI: 1.52-2.34), diabetes (AOR: 1.85; 95% CI: 1.41-2.43), and high cholesterol (AOR: 1.76; 95% CI: 1.31-2.36).

CONCLUSION

A very low proportion of Saudi residents have undergone blood pressure, cholesterol, and CVD screening. Common predictors of screening included older age, insurance coverage, diabetes, hypertension, physical activity, and high cholesterol levels. Low prevalence of screening is alarming, and Saudi Government needs to implement strategies that can help increase proportion of Saudi residents who receive blood pressure, cholesterol, and CVD screening.

摘要

目的

本研究旨在估计接受心血管疾病（CVD）及其危险因素筛查的个体比例，并确定CVD、血压和血液胆固醇筛查的预测因素。

患者与方法

本横断面研究在沙特阿拉伯的48个初级医疗保健中心进行，共纳入14239名参与者。分析在SPSS 26版本中进行，并报告调整后的优势比（AOR）和95%置信区间。

结果

报告进行血压筛查的比例为35.3%，胆固醇筛查为9.3%，心血管筛查为3.7%。血压筛查的显著正向预测因素包括年龄较大（50 - 75岁：AOR 1.34，95% CI：1.20 - 1.50；≥75岁：AOR 2.12，95% CI：1.84 - 2.43）、已婚（AOR：1.15；95% CI：1.04 - 1.27）、不吸烟（AOR：1.97；95% CI：1.79 - 2.17）、进行体育活动（AOR：1.16；95% CI：1.05 - 1.28）和患有糖尿病（AOR：2.14；95% CI：1.88 - 2.44）。对于胆固醇筛查，显著正向预测因素为年龄较大（≥75岁：AOR 1.89，95% CI：1.56 - 2.29）、失业（AOR：1.26；95% CI：1.10 - 1.45）、有保险覆盖（AOR：1.52；95% CI：1.33 - 1.74）、吸烟（AOR：1.32；95% CI：1.14 - 1.53）、有糖尿病史（AOR：1.33；95% CI：1.09 - 1.61）和患有高血压（AOR：1.66；95% CI：1.36 - 2.02）。对于心血管筛查，显著正向预测因素包括年龄较大（≥75岁：AOR 1.81，95% CI：1.35 - 2.43）、失业（AOR：1.53；95% CI：1.24 - 1.88）、有保险覆盖（AOR：1.56；95% CI：1.27 - 1.92）、吸烟（AOR：1.89；95% CI：1.52 - 2.34）、患有糖尿病（AOR：1.85；95% CI：1.41 - 2.43）和高胆固醇（AOR：1.76；95% CI：1.31 - 2.36）。