成年高血压患者心血管疾病发病率的预测因素：沙特阿拉伯王国的一项横断面研究

Predictors of Cardiovascular Morbidity Among Adult Hypertensive Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study from the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

作者信息

Al-Ghamdi Sameer, Aldosari Khalid Hadi, Hussain Abo Baker Omar

机构信息

Department of Family and Community Medicine, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al Kharj, Saudi Arabia.

Adult Critical Care Medicine Department, Security Forces Hospital Program, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

出版信息

Patient Prefer Adherence. 2023 Jun 6;17:1361-1369. doi: 10.2147/PPA.S407546. eCollection 2023.

DOI:10.2147/PPA.S407546

PMID:37303588

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10257473/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Hypertension is a public health issue affecting over a billion people globally. 15% of the adults in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are thought to have hypertension. A large proportion of them remain undiagnosed or are sub-optimally treated. Those with inadequately treated hypertension have a high risk of life-threatening cardiovascular complications such as ischemic heart disease, left ventricular hypertrophy and heart failure. This study was undertaken to elucidate the cardiovascular morbidity seen in a sample of adult hypertensive patients in Saudi Arabia and identify key demographic and clinical factors associated with cardiovascular morbidity.

METHODS

A multicentric cross-sectional study was conducted from November 2019 to November 2021 at three hospitals in Al-Kharj KSA. Totally, 105 adult patients with a documented history of primary hypertension for at least 5 years irrespective of treatment status presenting themselves to the study sites were included. Patients with secondary hypertension, and those without confirmed cause and duration of hypertension were excluded. Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the factors associated with cardiovascular morbidity.

RESULTS

The study included 105 participants aged 47.75±13.46 years. 50 (47.6%) were males and 62 (59%) were not Saudis. Left Ventricular Hypertrophy, 64 (61%), diastolic dysfunction, 44 (41.9%), and retinopathy, 33 (31.4%) were the most frequently observed morbidities. Participants aged over 45, those with diabetes, or those with dyslipidemia were more likely to have cardiovascular morbidities (adjusted odds ratio (AOR)): 4.01 (1.29-12.46), p = 0.016, AOR: 6.4 (1.62-25.28), p = 0.008, and AOR: 6.71 (1.46-30.83), p = 0.014, respectively.

CONCLUSION

Older age, the presence of comorbid diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia are associated with a higher likelihood of cardiovascular morbidity in hypertensive patients of Saudi Arabia.

摘要

背景

高血压是一个影响全球超过10亿人的公共卫生问题。沙特阿拉伯王国15%的成年人被认为患有高血压。其中很大一部分人仍未被诊断或治疗不充分。那些高血压治疗不充分的人面临危及生命的心血管并发症的高风险，如缺血性心脏病、左心室肥厚和心力衰竭。本研究旨在阐明沙特阿拉伯成年高血压患者样本中出现的心血管疾病，并确定与心血管疾病相关的关键人口统计学和临床因素。

方法

2019年11月至2021年11月在沙特阿拉伯哈吉尔的三家医院进行了一项多中心横断面研究。总共纳入了105名有原发性高血压病史至少5年的成年患者，无论其治疗状态如何，只要他们前往研究地点就诊。继发性高血压患者以及那些高血压病因和病程未得到证实的患者被排除在外。进行逻辑回归分析以确定与心血管疾病相关的因素。

结果

该研究包括105名年龄为47.75±13.46岁的参与者。50名（47.6%）为男性，62名（59%）不是沙特人。最常观察到的疾病是左心室肥厚，64名（61%）；舒张功能障碍，44名（41.9%）；视网膜病变，33名（31.4%）。年龄超过45岁、患有糖尿病或血脂异常的参与者更有可能患有心血管疾病（调整后的优势比（AOR））：分别为4.01（1.29 - 12.46），p = 0.016；AOR：6.4（1.62 - 25.28），p = 0.008；AOR：6.71（1.46 - 30.83），p = 0.014。