Cunha Regiane Stafim da, Azevedo Carolina Amaral Bueno, Miniskiskosky Guilherme, Gregório Paulo Cézar, Stinghen Andréa Emilia Marques
Universidade Federal do Paraná, Laboratório de Nefrologia Experimental, Departamento de Patologia Básica, Curitiba, PR, Brazil.
J Bras Nefrol. 2025 Jul-Sep;47(3):e20240223. doi: 10.1590/2175-8239-JBN-2024-0223en.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is closely associated with endothelial dysfunction and vascular calcification, which are major contributors to the development of cardiovascular disease in this population. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a group of non-coding RNAs that regulate gene expression and other cellular processes. Recent studies have demonstrated that changes in the levels of several miRNAs are associated with the progression of renal dysfunction. Patients with CKD have reduced levels of miR-126, a microRNA produced by the endothelium that has an atheroprotective function. Reduced miRNA levels that inhibit vascular calcification, such as miR-133a and miR-204-5p, are also found in patients with CKD. These changes may contribute to vascular dysfunction in these patients. Therefore, understanding the profile of microRNAs in the context of CKD may be important for the identification of new biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. Given the growing relevance of microRNA analysis, this review addresses recent advances in the study of microRNAs related to vascular dysfunction in CKD and their potential applications in translational clinical practice.
慢性肾脏病（CKD）与内皮功能障碍和血管钙化密切相关，而内皮功能障碍和血管钙化是该人群心血管疾病发生发展的主要因素。微小RNA（miRNA）是一类调节基因表达和其他细胞过程的非编码RNA。最近的研究表明，几种miRNA水平的变化与肾功能障碍的进展有关。CKD患者的miR-126水平降低，miR-126是一种由内皮细胞产生的具有抗动脉粥样硬化功能的微小RNA。在CKD患者中还发现抑制血管钙化的miRNA水平降低，如miR-133a和miR-204-5p。这些变化可能导致这些患者的血管功能障碍。因此，了解CKD背景下的微小RNA谱对于识别新的生物标志物和潜在的治疗靶点可能很重要。鉴于微小RNA分析的相关性日益增加，本综述阐述了CKD中与血管功能障碍相关的微小RNA研究的最新进展及其在转化临床实践中的潜在应用。
