Zheng Yongling, Guo Bailin, Wang Enju, Lei Bingxin
Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Resource Chemistry of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Tropical Medicinal Plant Chemistry of Hainan Province, College of Chemistry & Chemical Engineering, Hainan Normal University, Haikou, 571158, P. R. China.
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Advanced Structural Materials and Carbon Neutralization, Guangxi Colleges and Universities Key Laboratory of Eco-friendly Materials and Eco-restoration, Guangxi Minzu University, Nanning, 530105, P. R. China.
J Fluoresc. 2025 May 20. doi: 10.1007/s10895-025-04304-z.
Compared to monomer emission, excimer emission usually exhibits red-shifted, broadened, and large Stokes-shifted characteristics, which offer distinct advantages in biological imaging. In this work, we developed a rational design strategy for excimer-based cell membrane fluorescent probes, and on this basis, three fluorescent dyes (BPVP-C3, BPVP-C5 and BPVP-C8) exhibiting tunable excimer/monomer emission were obtained by covalent coupling of two pyrene units. In sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles, these fluorophores show bright excimer emission, whereas in dilute aqueous solutions, they emit monomer-dominated fluorescence. We proposed that the anionic micellar environment promotes intramolecular excimer formation between coupled pyrene units due to its balanced amphiphilicity, while these dye molecules can freely swing in dilute aqueous solution. Among them, BPVP-C8 exhibited optimal excimer-monomer switching property. Leveraging this environment-responsive dual-emission, it was explored as a wash-free cell membrane probe for simultaneous dual-channel (green and red) imaging.
与单体发射相比，准分子发射通常具有红移、展宽和大斯托克斯位移的特性，这在生物成像中具有明显优势。在这项工作中，我们开发了一种基于准分子的细胞膜荧光探针的合理设计策略，并在此基础上，通过两个芘单元的共价偶联获得了三种具有可调准分子/单体发射的荧光染料（BPVP-C3、BPVP-C5和BPVP-C8）。在十二烷基硫酸钠胶束中，这些荧光团显示出明亮的准分子发射，而在稀水溶液中，它们发射以单体为主的荧光。我们认为，阴离子胶束环境由于其平衡的两亲性促进了偶联芘单元之间的分子内准分子形成，而这些染料分子在稀水溶液中可以自由摆动。其中，BPVP-C8表现出最佳的准分子-单体切换特性。利用这种环境响应性双发射，它被探索作为一种无需洗涤的细胞膜探针用于同步双通道（绿色和红色）成像。
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