Palese Alvisa, Bressan Valentina, Galazzi Alessandro, Chiappinotto Stefania, Longhini Jessica, Decaro Alessandro, Longobardi Melania, Achbani Btissam, Kasa Tea, Gronau Viviana, Salvador Fabiola, Fabbro Serena, Marin Meri, Grassetti Luca, Hayter Mark, Watson Roger
Department of Medicine, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.
Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.
BMC Nurs. 2025 May 20;24(1):570. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-03159-w.
Eating difficulties may lead to malnutrition in older adults living in nursing homes (NHs). Prompts to encourage independence have been shown to be effective. However, due to limited resources and the varying quality of dining rooms where residents sit together at the table, it is difficult to provide tailored prompts.
Evaluating the effects of interventions based on tailored prompts delivered by deliberately circling the tables (hereinafter, intentional rounding) in the dining room where residents sit to eat their meals on (a) independence in eating, (b) fluid and (c) food intake, and (d) time taken to eat the meal, compared with usual care in NHs with different quality environments.
A pre- and post-intervention pragmatic cluster study with 106 residents of four Italian NHs (NH1, 2, 3 and 4). During lunch, residents were seated at a table and received tailored prompts with a positive focus, mediated by intentional rounding. Data was collected at baseline (T0 and T1, three weeks), during the implementation of the intervention (T2 and T3, one week each) and at follow-up (T4, after one week interruption of the intervention). Self-feeding dependency (Edinburgh Feeding Evaluation in Dementia scale), food and fluid intake (from 0 to 100% of total meal or fluid served) and meal duration (in minutes) were analysed using Seemingly Unrelated Regression, adjusting for the quality of the NH environment and the number of family caregivers present.
Eating performance improved in all residents and food and fluid intake increased from baseline (T0) to the end of the intervention (T3); however, residents did not maintain their intake after the intervention was interrupted. The time required for residents to complete the meal was > 19 min at T0 and > 21 min at T3. There were differences in the effectiveness of the intervention depending on the quality of the environment in the NHs.
Compared to usual daily care, prompts from caregivers through scheduled rounds at the tables where residents sit to eat their lunch are effective in improving feeding performance and food and fluid intake. However, after one week, when usual care is resumed, all outcomes deteriorate slightly, indicating that the interventions require continuity.
Not applicable.
进食困难可能导致住在养老院的老年人营养不良。已证明鼓励自主进食的提示措施是有效的。然而，由于资源有限以及居民围坐用餐的餐厅质量参差不齐，很难提供量身定制的提示。
与不同质量环境的养老院常规护理相比，评估基于在居民用餐餐厅刻意绕桌（以下简称“有意巡视”）提供量身定制提示的干预措施对（a）进食自主性、（b）液体摄入量、（c）食物摄入量以及（d）用餐时间的影响。
对意大利四家养老院（NH1、NH2、NH3和NH4）的106名居民进行干预前后的实用整群研究。午餐期间，居民围坐在餐桌旁，通过有意巡视接受以积极为重点的量身定制提示。在基线期（T0和T1，为期三周）、干预实施期间（T2和T3，各为期一周）以及随访期（T4，干预中断一周后）收集数据。使用看似不相关回归分析自主进食依赖性（痴呆症进食评估爱丁堡量表）、食物和液体摄入量（占提供的总餐食或液体的0%至100%）以及用餐时长（以分钟为单位），并对养老院环境质量和在场家庭护理人员数量进行调整。
所有居民的进食表现均有所改善，食物和液体摄入量从基线期（T0）到干预结束时（T3）有所增加；然而，干预中断后居民的摄入量未保持。居民在T0时完成用餐所需时间>19分钟，在T3时>21分钟。根据养老院环境质量的不同，干预效果存在差异。
与常规日常护理相比，护理人员在居民午餐用餐桌旁定期巡视给出的提示在改善进食表现以及食物和液体摄入量方面是有效的。然而，一周后恢复常规护理时，所有结果均略有恶化，这表明干预措施需要连续性。
不适用。
