AlWawi Ghaith, Alrefai Mohammad Omar, Al-Wawi Mohd Zaki, Qasim Asma, Hammami M Bakri
Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates.
Department of Nephrology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota, United States.
Avicenna J Med. 2025 Apr 2;15(1):1-8. doi: 10.1055/s-0045-1807243. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Neuroblastoma (NB) is an aggressive malignant tumor arising from a primitive neural crest origin. While the significance of tumor location in survival outcomes is recognized, it remains inadequately explored. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the survival and characteristics of pediatric adrenal and nonadrenal NBs in the United States.
A retrospective analysis of pediatric primary NB between 1975 and 2016 was conducted using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used to determine prognostic variables.
A total of 4,554 patients were included, comprising 52% males ( = 2,385) and 79.2% Caucasians ( = 3,569). The median age of the patients was one year (range: 0-19 years). In all, 44.4% ( = 1,996) of the patients had adrenal NB and 55.6% ( = 2,496) patients had nonadrenal NB. Adrenal NB was significantly more prevalent among males and those presenting at a younger age ( < 0.001). Adrenal NB was more likely to have a higher grade and distant metastasis at diagnosis ( < 0.001). Nonadrenal NB, female sex, surgical resection, and later year of diagnosis were associated with improved survival ( < 0.001).
This study highlights important factors that are helpful for prognostication of NB patients in the United States. Tailored approaches considering tumor site are crucial for effective management of NB.
神经母细胞瘤（NB）是一种起源于原始神经嵴的侵袭性恶性肿瘤。虽然肿瘤位置对生存结果的重要性已得到认可，但仍未得到充分研究。本研究对美国儿童肾上腺和非肾上腺NB的生存情况及特征进行了全面分析。
使用监测、流行病学和最终结果（SEER）数据库对1975年至2016年间的儿童原发性NB进行回顾性分析。采用单因素和多因素回归分析来确定预后变量。
共纳入4554例患者，其中男性占52%（n = 2385），白种人占79.2%（n = 3569）。患者的中位年龄为1岁（范围：0 - 19岁）。总体而言，44.4%（n = 1996）的患者患有肾上腺NB，55.6%（n = 2496）的患者患有非肾上腺NB。肾上腺NB在男性和年龄较小的患者中更为普遍（P < 0.001）。肾上腺NB在诊断时更有可能具有更高的分级和远处转移（P < 0.001）。非肾上腺NB、女性、手术切除和较晚的诊断年份与生存率提高相关（P < 0.001）。
本研究强调了有助于美国NB患者预后评估的重要因素。考虑肿瘤部位的个性化治疗方法对于NB的有效管理至关重要。
