Kim Sung Eun
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, Incheon St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Incheon, Korea.
Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr. 2025 May;28(3):148-159. doi: 10.5223/pghn.2025.28.3.148. Epub 2025 May 8.
The increasing incidence of dyslipidemia among children and adolescents has emerged as a significant public health concern due to its associated risk of long-term cardiovascular complications. The prevalence of dyslipidemia has increased in parallel with rising obesity rates, highlighting the importance of early intervention. In this narrative review, we explore the epidemiology, screening, diagnosis, and treatment of dyslipidemia in pediatric populations, focusing on recent advancements and updates in clinical management. Key diagnostic criteria and risk assessment strategies are discussed, emphasizing the role of lipid profile screening in high-risk groups. Lifestyle and dietary interventions are key for managing dyslipidemia, while pharmacological treatments including statins, cholesterol absorption inhibitors, and emerging therapies are reviewed in cases requiring further intervention. Updated guidelines and evidence-based recommendations from Korean and other international institutions are consolidated to provide a comprehensive overview. These findings underscore the necessity of a multidisciplinary approach combining early detection, tailored treatment, and lifestyle modifications to mitigate the long-term health risks associated with dyslipidemia in younger individuals.
儿童和青少年血脂异常的发病率不断上升，由于其与长期心血管并发症相关的风险，已成为一个重大的公共卫生问题。血脂异常的患病率随着肥胖率的上升而增加，凸显了早期干预的重要性。在这篇叙述性综述中，我们探讨了儿科人群血脂异常的流行病学、筛查、诊断和治疗，重点关注临床管理的最新进展和更新。讨论了关键诊断标准和风险评估策略，强调了血脂谱筛查在高危人群中的作用。生活方式和饮食干预是管理血脂异常的关键，而在需要进一步干预的情况下，对包括他汀类药物、胆固醇吸收抑制剂和新兴疗法在内的药物治疗进行了综述。综合了韩国和其他国际机构的最新指南和循证建议，以提供全面概述。这些发现强调了采用多学科方法结合早期检测、个性化治疗和生活方式改变的必要性，以减轻年轻个体中与血脂异常相关的长期健康风险。
