Zanetti A R, Ferroni P, Tanzi E, Bergamini F
J Virol Methods. 1985 Apr;10(4):341-7. doi: 10.1016/0166-0934(85)90051-5.
Prevention of perinatal hepatitis B includes: (1) screening of pregnant women for hepatitis B surface antigen, and (2) immunoprophylaxis of babies at risk. HBIG treatment seems to be of some efficacy in preventing the HBsAg carrier state while it permits passive active immunization to occur. The disadvantage of HBIG is that it confers only temporary immunity. Therefore, if infection does not occur, babies will still be susceptible to the virus when passively administered anti-HBs will no longer be circulating. On the other hand, vaccine provides a long term but not immediate protection. Therefore the ideal approach in post-exposure prophylaxis is a combination of passive plus active immunization. The aim is to provide an immediate protection, with the HBIG, and a long term immunity, with the vaccine, to babies born to HBsAg carrier mothers.
（1）对孕妇进行乙型肝炎表面抗原筛查，以及（2）对有风险的婴儿进行免疫预防。乙肝免疫球蛋白（HBIG）治疗在预防HBsAg携带者状态方面似乎有一定疗效，同时它能使被动-主动免疫发生。HBIG的缺点是它仅提供临时免疫力。因此，如果未发生感染，当被动给予的抗-HBs不再循环时，婴儿仍易感染该病毒。另一方面，疫苗提供长期但非即时的保护。因此，暴露后预防的理想方法是被动免疫与主动免疫相结合。目的是为HBsAg携带者母亲所生的婴儿提供即时保护（通过HBIG）和长期免疫力（通过疫苗）。
