Park Jun-Hong, Cho Min Hyung, Shim Young Suk, Lee Hae Sang
Department of Pediatrics, Ajou University School of Medicine, 164, World Cup-ro, Yeongtong-gu, Suwon-si, 16499, Gyeonggi-do, Republic of Korea.
Sci Rep. 2025 May 21;15(1):17651. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-02854-7.
Parental metabolic syndrome (MetS) is associated with increased cardiometabolic risk in offspring, yet the distinct impacts of maternal versus paternal MetS remain poorly understood. Evidence on sex-specific susceptibility during adolescence is particularly limited, despite this being a critical period for the development of chronic metabolic conditions. Using a comprehensive dataset of 5,245 patients selected from a nationally representative database, we examined the differential association of maternal and paternal MetS with cardiometabolic outcomes in adolescent offspring and their variation by offspring sex. Overall, paternal MetS was associated with higher triglyceride and lower HDL cholesterol in male offspring. In contrast, maternal MetS was linked to higher triglyceride levels in both sexes, with additional associations with elevated systolic blood pressure and lower HDL cholesterol only in males. The odds of MetS and its components were most elevated in male adolescents in both paternal and maternal MetS. In conclusion, paternal MetS appeared to exert a stronger influence, particularly in male adolescents. Our findings suggest that both parental and offspring sexes modify the intergenerational transmission of metabolic risk; it is crucial to consider both parental and offspring sexes for effective screening and the prevention of MetS.
父母代谢综合征（MetS）与后代心血管代谢风险增加有关，但母亲与父亲的MetS各自产生的独特影响仍知之甚少。尽管青春期是慢性代谢疾病发展的关键时期，但关于青春期性别特异性易感性的证据尤其有限。我们使用从全国代表性数据库中选取的5245名患者的综合数据集，研究了母亲和父亲的MetS与青春期后代心血管代谢结局的差异关联以及按后代性别划分的变化情况。总体而言，父亲的MetS与男性后代较高的甘油三酯水平和较低的高密度脂蛋白胆固醇相关。相比之下，母亲的MetS与两性较高的甘油三酯水平有关，且仅与男性收缩压升高和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇降低存在额外关联。在父亲和母亲患有MetS的情况下，男性青少年患MetS及其各组分的几率最高。总之，父亲的MetS似乎影响更大，尤其是对男性青少年。我们的研究结果表明，父母和后代的性别都会改变代谢风险的代际传递；为了有效筛查和预防MetS，同时考虑父母和后代的性别至关重要。
