Mohr U, Emura M
Food Chem Toxicol. 1985 Feb;23(2):233-8. doi: 10.1016/0278-6915(85)90022-5.
For the toxicity testing of compounds using tissue from the respiratory tract, three types of in vitro cell or tissue culture systems are being developed from foetal Syrian hamster respiratory organs on day 15 of gestation. The first system, early-passage cell cultures of a mixed population obtained from foetal lungs, has been used frequently for the study of in vitro cell transformation. The clonal culture technique using these cells permitted the semi-quantitative determination of the toxicity of poly- or heterocyclic hydrocarbons in terms of the reduction in the number of surviving colonies. The second system, an explant culture technique using foetal tracheae, demonstrated the induction, by polycyclic hydrocarbons, of alterations such as hyperplasia, epidermoid metaplasia or dysplasia of mucociliary epithelia. The third system uses the cells of a permanent clonal epithelial cell line established from the foetal lung. These cells differentiated into a mucus-producing cell type in a medium supplemented with vitamin A and hormone. In order to observe general aspects of toxicity in these cells, they were exposed first to model substances such as sulphuric acid and potassium dichromate. After 24 hr of post-exposure incubation, the activities of membrane-bound and cytosolic enzymes, the amount of sialic acid released into the medium and cell survival were measured. Based on the results obtained so far, the potential value of each system is discussed.
为了利用来自呼吸道的组织对化合物进行毒性测试，正在从妊娠第15天的叙利亚仓鼠胎儿呼吸器官开发三种类型的体外细胞或组织培养系统。第一种系统是从胎儿肺中获得的混合群体的早期传代细胞培养物，已被频繁用于体外细胞转化研究。使用这些细胞的克隆培养技术能够根据存活菌落数量的减少对多环或杂环烃的毒性进行半定量测定。第二种系统是使用胎儿气管的外植体培养技术，该技术证明了多环烃可诱导黏液纤毛上皮细胞增生、鳞状化生或发育异常等改变。第三种系统使用从胎儿肺建立的永久性克隆上皮细胞系的细胞。这些细胞在补充了维生素A和激素的培养基中分化为产生黏液的细胞类型。为了观察这些细胞的一般毒性情况，首先将它们暴露于硫酸和重铬酸钾等模型物质。暴露后孵育24小时后，测量膜结合酶和胞质酶的活性、释放到培养基中的唾液酸量以及细胞存活率。基于目前获得的结果，讨论了每个系统的潜在价值。
