Treatment strategies and prognostic insights for lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma: a review.

Adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common type of malignant tumor in lacrimal gland cancer. The primary treatment approach involves eye-preserving surgery combined with adjuvant radiotherapy, which has proven effective in maintaining visual function and achieving favorable local control with minimal toxicity. However, the 5-year survival rate for ACC of the lacrimal gland remains below 60%. Recently, novel adjuvant therapies, including neoadjuvant intra-arterial chemotherapy, proton radiotherapy, and neutron radiotherapy, have significantly improved survival outcomes. Despite these advances, the rarity of lacrimal gland adenoid cystic carcinoma (LGACC) limits comprehensive studies on long-term survival and the potential for late toxicity, underscoring the need for further research. Additionally, recent findings on pathogenic mechanisms and proteomic abnormalities in LGACC offer a foundation for developing targeted therapies, paving the way for more personalized treatments. This article reviews contemporary treatment strategies and prognostic insights for LGACC, focusing on recent advancements and their implications for patient survival.