Bu Chengcheng, Chen Chong, Fu Xitong, Zhang Weiwei, Zhang Ru, Hua Yu, Jia Ruolan, Ruan Yuefei, Leung Kenneth Mei Yee, Ma Limin
State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
State Key Laboratory of Water Pollution Control and Green Resource Recycling, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China; State Key Laboratory of Marine Pollution (SKLMP) and Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China; Key Laboratory of Yangtze River Water Environment, Ministry of Education, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China.
J Hazard Mater. 2025 Aug 15;494:138674. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2025.138674. Epub 2025 May 19.
Yangtze River Basin (YRB) is the largest agricultural and economic corridor in Asia, accounting for 40 % of China's rice production and 49 % of its arable land. Additionally, the Huangpu River (HR), the largest river in Shanghai, features developed agriculture and an extensive shipping industry. Overall, extensive agricultural activities coupled with frequent pesticide applications have resulted in aquatic contamination. This study investigated the spatial distribution and partitioning trends of 57 common pesticides, and assessed their ecological and human health risks in 30 river sections of YRB. We found that the total concentration of pesticides (∑ pesticides) in the dissolved phase, suspended particulate matter (SPM) phase, and surface sediment ranged 601.82 -2415.91 ng/L, 65.04 -1863.28 ng/L, and 68.54 -424.84 ng/g dry weight, respectively. Organochlorines and pyrethroids were predominant in the SPM phase, while triazines and neonicotinoids were predominant in the dissolved phase. The sources of dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) substances could be attributed to historical residues and vessels' antifouling systems. Most pesticides had strong migration ability and were not readily deposited in sediment. Moreover, sediment was also potential secondary pollution sources of triazines. Organochlorines, pyrethroids, and neonicotinoids posed significant ecological risks, despite its low concentration, traditional organochlorine still poses a certain ecological threat. Children were more susceptible than adults to noncarcinogenic and carcinogenic risks from unintentional oral exposure. Stringent management of pesticides is imperative with ongoing monitoring.
长江流域（YRB）是亚洲最大的农业和经济走廊，占中国水稻产量的40%和耕地的49%。此外，上海最大的河流黄浦江（HR）农业发达，航运业广泛。总体而言，广泛的农业活动加上频繁使用农药导致了水体污染。本研究调查了57种常见农药的空间分布和分配趋势，并评估了它们在长江流域30个河段的生态和人类健康风险。我们发现，溶解相、悬浮颗粒物（SPM）相和表层沉积物中农药的总浓度（∑农药）分别为601.82 - 2415.91 ng/L、65.04 - 1863.28 ng/L和68.54 - 424.84 ng/g干重。有机氯和拟除虫菊酯类在SPM相中占主导地位，而三嗪类和新烟碱类在溶解相中占主导地位。滴滴涕（DDT）物质的来源可归因于历史残留和船舶防污系统。大多数农药具有较强的迁移能力，不易沉积在沉积物中。此外，沉积物也是三嗪类潜在的二次污染源。有机氯、拟除虫菊酯类和新烟碱类具有显著的生态风险，尽管其浓度较低，但传统有机氯仍构成一定的生态威胁。儿童比成人更容易受到无意口服接触带来的非致癌和致癌风险的影响。必须对农药进行严格管理并持续监测。
