Mokhtar Aya, Mohamed Tarek, Eigza Ahmed O, El-Khouly Mohamed E
Egypt-Japan University of Science and Technology, Alexandria, Egypt.
Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.
Lasers Med Sci. 2025 May 23;40(1):241. doi: 10.1007/s10103-025-04466-z.
Breast cancer is the second most common cancer globally and the leading cause of cancer-related deaths in women. Current treatments, such as chemotherapy and surgery, often have side effects and can lead to drug resistance. Developing new treatments that specifically target cancer cells while minimizing side effects is essential. Combining traditional cancer treatments with photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a promising approach. This study evaluated the effectiveness of femtosecond laser-driven PDT using Doxorubicin (DOX) and tetrakis (1-methylpyridinium-4-yl) porphyrin (TMPyP), both individually and in combination, on MDA-MB-231 and T47D breast cancer cells. TMPyP-PDT and DOX monotherapy both exhibited dose-dependent cytotoxicity. However, combination therapy was more effective at lower DOX concentrations, potentially reducing side effects. This combination also increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, inhibited angiogenesis by reducing TGF-β and VEGFA expression, and induced apoptosis by decreasing BCL-2 and increasing BAX levels compared to individual treatments. These findings suggest that combining TMPyP-mediated PDT with Doxorubicin could effectively inhibit breast cancer cell growth.
乳腺癌是全球第二大常见癌症，也是女性癌症相关死亡的主要原因。目前的治疗方法，如化疗和手术，往往有副作用，并且会导致耐药性。开发能够特异性靶向癌细胞同时将副作用降至最低的新治疗方法至关重要。将传统癌症治疗方法与光动力疗法（PDT）相结合是一种很有前景的方法。本研究评估了单独及联合使用阿霉素（DOX）和四（1-甲基吡啶-4-基）卟啉（TMPyP）的飞秒激光驱动光动力疗法对MDA-MB-231和T47D乳腺癌细胞的有效性。TMPyP光动力疗法和阿霉素单一疗法均表现出剂量依赖性细胞毒性。然而，联合疗法在较低的阿霉素浓度下更有效，可能会减少副作用。与单独治疗相比，这种联合疗法还提高了活性氧（ROS）水平，通过降低TGF-β和VEGFA表达抑制血管生成，并通过降低BCL-2水平和提高BAX水平诱导细胞凋亡。这些发现表明，将TMPyP介导的光动力疗法与阿霉素联合使用可以有效抑制乳腺癌细胞生长。
